Local endoscopic removal of duodenal carcinoid tumors.

A swift and aggressive diagnostic and therapeutic approach is advisable when managing submucosal or polypoid lesions in the duodenum, since it is not possible to distinguish small, benign, and unremarkable duodenal growths macroscopically from malignant tumors such as carcinoids. This paper presents a systematic review of the published literature listed in Medline, focusing on the results after endoscopic treatment of duodenal carcinoids during the last 15 years; on the biological behavior of duodenal carcinoids; and on the endoscopic appearance of duodenal carcinoids. Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) is extremely useful in the diagnostic and preoperative work-up.

Parasympathetic non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic-induced protein synthesis and mitogenic activity in rat parotid glands.

Electrical stimulation of the parasympathetic auriculo-temporal nerve (40 Hz, 30 min), in the anaesthetized rat under - and -adrenoceptor blockade, increased [3H]thymidine and [3H]leucine uptake into the parotid glands by 80 and 263 %, respectively. The increase in response to parasympathetic stimulation was almost the same ([3H]thymidine 82 % and [3H]leucine 283 %) when atropine (2 mg kg-1 I.P.

Adipose tissue distribution in postmenopausal women with adenomatous hyperplasia of the endometrium.

Objective: To investigate body fat distribution in postmenopausal women with adenomatous and atypical hyperplasia of the endometrium.

Methods: A prospective population-based case control study was performed in a health care county in Sweden. General obesity, as reflected by body mass index (BMI), and adipose tissue distribution, expressed as waist to hip circumference ratio (WHR), were evaluated in a cohort of 367 postmenopausal women who underwent dilatation and curettage because of uterine bleeding.

Vascular protein leakage in the rat parotid gland elicited by reflex stimulation, parasympathetic nerve stimulation and administration of neuropeptides.

Evans blue accumulated in parotid glands of conscious rats in response to feeding (over 60 min), in the absence of atropine and adrenoceptor antagonists and in their presence, and after pretreatment with the sensory neurotoxin capsaicin. Stimulation of the auriculo-temporal nerve (40 Hz, 10 or 20 min), without and with the blockers, caused Evans blue to accumulate. A periglandular oedema also contained the dye.