A variable heart rate multi-compartmental coupled model of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems.

Current mathematical models of the cardiovascular system that are based on systems of ordinary differential equations are limited in their ability to mimic important features of measured patient data, such as variable heart rates (HR). Such limitations present a significant obstacle in the use of such models for clinical decision-making, as it is the variations in vital signs such as HR and systolic and diastolic blood pressure that are monitored and recorded in typical critical care bedside monitoring systems. In this paper, novel extensions to well-established multi-compartmental models of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems are proposed that permit the simulation of variable HR.

In Situ Analyses of Surface-Layer Composition of CxNy Thin Films Using Methods Based on Penning Ionization Processes-Introductory Investigations.

Carbon nitride materials have received much attention due to their excellent tribological, mechanical and optical properties. It was found that these qualities depend on the N/C ratio; therefore, the possibility to control it in situ in the sputtered film is of high importance. The plasma-electron spectroscopy method based on the Penning ionization process analysis is developed here to control this ratio in CN films produced by plasma-sputtering in a pulsed-periodic regime of glow discharge.

Pulsed Laser Deposition of Bismuth Vanadate Thin Films-The Effect of Oxygen Pressure on the Morphology, Composition, and Photoelectrochemical Performance.

Thin layers of bismuth vanadate were deposited using the pulsed laser deposition technique on commercially available FTO (fluorine-doped tin oxide) substrates. Films were sputtered from a sintered, monoclinic BiVO pellet, acting as the target, under various oxygen pressures (from 0.1 to 2 mbar), while the laser beam was perpendicular to the target surface and parallel to the FTO substrate.

The diphenylpyrazole compound anle138b blocks Aβ channels and rescues disease phenotypes in a mouse model for amyloid pathology.

Alzheimer's disease is a devastating neurodegenerative disease eventually leading to dementia. An effective treatment does not yet exist. Here we show that oral application of the compound anle138b restores hippocampal synaptic and transcriptional plasticity as well as spatial memory in a mouse model for Alzheimer's disease, when given orally before or after the onset of pathology.