Serum bactericidal activity and kinetics of azlocillin and moxalactam after single and combined administration.

Ten healthy volunteers received 5 g azlocillin and 2 g moxalactam iv in single and combined administration. Serum and urine concentrations were measured with bioassay and HPLC (high pressure liquid chromatography), and serum bactericidal activity (SBA) was determined at 1 h and 6 h against 6 different clinical isolates. The combined applications of both antibiotics resulted in minor differences in serum kinetics and urine recovery in comparison to single administration.

[Cefoperazone--a new cephalosporin antibiotic with broader spectrum of activity].

Concentration of Cefoperazone in serum and urine was determined after 1g (bolus injection) and 2g drip-infusion over a 30-minute-period in 10 healthy volunteers. The pharmacokinetic analysis was performed using an open 3-compartment model. Renal clearance was determined in three volunteers and indicates an expansive extrarenal elimination rate.

Significance of pleural and sputum concentrations for antibiotic therapy of bronchopulmonary infections.

Tests were done with various antibiotics (ampicillin, carbenicillin, cefazolin, cefotaxime, cephradine, ticarcillin) in order to determine the significance of sputum and pleural concentrations for adequate therapy of bronchopulmonary infections. In a total of 19 chronic bronchitis patients, it was found that the attainable sputum concentrations were rather low and that individual fluctuations were great. No clear connection was evident between dosage and concentration of antibiotics in the sputum.

[Comparative pharmacokinetics of oral cephalosporins: cephalexin, cefaclor and cefadroxil (author's transl)].

In a randomized crossover study, the pharmacokinetics of two new cephalosporin antibiotics, cefaclor (CCL), and cefadroxil (CDX), were determined after oral administration of 1000 mg (capsules) on an empty stomach in 12 normal subjects in comparison to cephalexin (CEX). Serum concentrations were measured during a period of 8 h and urine recovery during 24 h. The significant parameters of bioavailability of an orally administered substance were determined.