Objectives: The aim of this study was to translate the Stigma Resistance Scale into French and to examine its psychometric qualities to measure stigma resistance in people with psychotic disorders.
Methods: The Stigma Resistance Scale was rigorously translated into French, involving translation, back-translation, and adjustments based on focus groups. The French version of the Stigma Resistance Scale comprises 20 items divided into five subscales measuring resistance to stigma at different levels.
The speciation of occurred by acquisition of genomic islands from other bacterial species and continued to diverge into subspecies and serovars with diferent range of host. serovar Typhimurium (STM) is a generalist pathogen infecting hosts that include birds, mice, and humans, whilst serovar Typhi (STY) is a restricted-host pathogen, infecting only humans. Despite their ranges of hosts, STM and STY possess 97-98% identity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: A 4-year experiment evaluated the effects of different integrated weed management (IWM) programs on the evolution of a Echinochloa crus-galli population resistant to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors in a maize cropping system. The programs included the continued use of ALS inhibitors, mixing them with alternative herbicides, or without ALS-inhibitors, in all cases under maize monocrop or a biennial crop rotation.
Results: IWM programs that relied solely on non-ALS-inhibitors usually achieved high control levels across years (> 90%).