Short report on a distinct electroencephalogram endophenotype for MTHFR gene variation co-occurring in autism spectrum disorder.

Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase mutations refer to genetic variations in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase enzyme, which plays an important role in folate metabolism. Folate is essential for neural development and signalling. Children with autism spectrum disorder have atypical neural signals compared with control.

Sodium Iodate: Rapid and Clinically Relevant Model of AMD.

Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common cause of vision loss in people above the age of 50, affecting approximately 10% of the population worldwide and the incidence is rising. Hyperreflective foci (HRF) are a major predictor of AMD progression. The purpose of this study was to use the sodium iodate mouse model to study HRF formation in retinal degeneration.

A discrete choice experiment: Understanding patient preferences for managing chronic non-cancer pain.

Background: The management of chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) is complex. Concerns about adverse effects associated with opioid pain medications and a lack of funding for holistic programs present challenges for decision-making among clinicians and patients. Discrete choice experiments (DCE) are one way of assessing and valuing patient treatment preferences.

Frequency comb enhancement via the self-crystallization of vectorial cavity solitons.

Long-range interactions between dark vectorial temporal cavity solitons are induced by the formation of patterns via spontaneous symmetry breaking of orthogonally polarized fields in ring resonators. Turing patterns of alternating polarizations form between adjacent solitons, pushing them apart so that a random distribution of solitons along the cavity length spontaneously reaches equal equilibrium distances, the soliton crystal, without any mode crossing or external modulation. Enhancement of the frequency comb is achieved through the spontaneous formation of regularly spaced soliton crystals, 'self-crystallization', with greater power and spacing of the spectral lines for increasing soliton numbers.

Thoracic aneurysmal bone cyst secondary to osteoblastoma: unique surgical management. Illustrative case.

Background: Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are rare, benign, yet locally aggressive lesions that contain blood-filled channels that rarely occur in the thoracic spine of adults. The literature on the treatment of spinal ABCs is sparse, but the consensus is to achieve gross-total resection (GTR) due to these lesions being locally aggressive and to prevent recurrence.

Observations: This report describes a 35-year-old female admitted with back pain and right T5 dermatome radiculopathy without any inciting events.