Words before pictures: the role of language in biasing visual attention.

Background: The present study investigated whether semantic processing of word and object primes can bias visual attention using top-down influences, even within an exogenous cueing framework. We hypothesized that real words and familiar objects would more effectively bias attentional engagement and target detection than pseudowords or pseudo-objects, as they can trigger prior knowledge to influence attention orienting and target detection.

Methods: To examine this, we conducted two web-based eye-tracking experiments that ensured participants maintained central fixation on the screen during remote data collection.

Role of Cardiac Biomarkers in Cancer Patients.

In patients with cancer-and especially some specific subtypes-the heart can be pathologically affected due to the direct action of the tumor or its secretion products or due to the toxicity of some oncological treatments. Cardiac biomarkers have been investigated as inexpensive and easily accessible tools for prediction, early diagnosis, monitoring, or prognosis of various forms of cancer-related cardiac diseases. However, their clinical usefulness was not always clearly demonstrated in every area of cardioncology.

Atrial Fibrillation after Lung Cancer Surgery: Prediction, Prevention and Anticoagulation Management.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common complication of the early postoperative period of various types of surgery, including that for lung cancer. Although induced by the homeostatic alterations related to surgery, there is evidence that it is not a mere stand-alone transitory event, but it represents a relevant complication of surgery, bearing considerable prognostic consequences. Different methods have therefore been explored to predict the occurrence of postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) and prevent it.

Applications of Ketogenic Diets in Patients with Headache: Clinical Recommendations.

Headaches are among the most prevalent and disabling neurologic disorders and there are several unmet needs as current pharmacological options are inadequate in treating patients with chronic headache, and a growing interest focuses on nutritional approaches as non-pharmacological treatments. Among these, the largest body of evidence supports the use of the ketogenic diet (KD). Exactly 100 years ago, KD was first used to treat drug-resistant epilepsy, but subsequent applications of this diet also involved other neurological disorders.