Pharmacogenetics of the Treatment of Neglected Diseases.

Background/objectives: Pharmacogenetics (PGx) aims to identify individuals more likely to suffer from adverse reactions or therapeutic failure in drug treatments. However, despite most of the evidence in this area being from European populations, some diseases have also been neglected, such as HIV infection, malaria, and tuberculosis. With this review, we aim to emphasize which pharmacogenetic tests are ready to be implemented in treating neglected diseases that have some evidence and call attention to what is missing for these three diseases.

WHOQOL-BREF in Measuring Quality of Life Among Sickle Cell Disease Patients with Leg Ulcers.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) presents complex clinical manifestations influenced by genetic, social, environmental, and healthcare access factors as well as socioeconomic status. In this context, sickle cell leg ulcers (SLUs) are a debilitating complication of SCD. We aimed to describe sociodemographic data and evaluate the quality of life (QoL) of SCD patients with and without SLUs.

Impact of Respiratory Support During Hospitalization on Functional Outcomes in Long COVID: A Post-Hoc Analysis of a Prospective Cohort Study.

Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PACS) is characterized by the persistence of one or more symptoms after the acute phase, leading to physical disabilities. This study aims to investigate whether the functional capacity and respiratory function 120 days post-COVID-19 differed according to the level of respiratory support needed during hospitalization in acute COVID-19 in the pre-vaccine rollout period. We followed up with 118 COVID-19 hospitalized patients in the acute phase until 120 days post-acute disease, with patients split into a Non-Invasive Oxygen Therapy Group (OTG, n = 72), Invasive Mechanical Ventilation Group (IMV, n = 12), and Room Air Group (RAG, n = 34), assessing the body composition, respiratory muscle strength, pulmonary function, functional capacity, and muscle strength at the follow-up visit.

Handgrip strength measurement protocols in individuals with Down syndrome: a systematic review and meta-regression.

Background: Handgrip strength (HGS) serves as a robust predictor of overall strength across various populations, including individuals with Down Syndrome (DS).

Objective: To analyze the HGS measurement protocols used in studies involving individuals with DS.

Methods: Primary sources were sourced from six databases: PubMed, Scopus, Ovid, Embase, ERIC, and Web of Science, spanning from inception to 23rd December 2023.

Digital dietary interventions for healthy adolescents: A systematic review of behavior change techniques, engagement strategies, and adherence.

Background: Adolescence is a crucial phase for developing healthy eating habits with lifelong health implications. Digital interventions, such as smartphone apps and web platforms, have emerged as promising strategies to promote healthy eating habits among adolescents by using behavior change techniques (BCTs). This study aims to systematically review internet-based dietary interventions targeting adolescents, focusing on the analysis of BCTs employed, their delivery modes, and their impact on adolescents' adherence and engagement.