Hepatic dysfunction and cardiovascular abnormalities. Occurrence in infants, children, and young adults.

In infants and children, the effect of heart failure and/or cyanotic heart disease on the liver has not been well documented, nor has there been any comparison between the degree of liver dysfunction and hemodynamic factors. Sixty-five patients with cardiovascular abnormalities were examined. Hepatic function, as indicated by laboratory data and histologic liver studies, was compared with the following categories of cardiovascular dysfunction: hypoxemia, systemic venous congestion, and low cardiac output.

Cardiac rhythm after the Mustard operation for complete transposition of the great arteries.

The Mustard operation corrects the effects of congenital transposition of the great arteries by creating an intraarterial baffle to direct pulmonary venous blood to the tricuspid orifice and systemic venous blood to the mitral orifice. To identify the long-term effects of this procedure, we followed 372 patients with complete transposition of the great arteries who survived the Mustard operation for at least three months. The mean follow-up period was 4.

Surgical treatment of interrupted aortic arch in infancy with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene grafts: two-year follow-up results.

The interrupted aortic arch complex is an uncommon but highly lethal combination of anomalies. Multiple approaches have been proposed for the surgical treatment of this complex. These include palliative procedures, direct anastomosis of the interrupted segments, interposition grafting with biological or synthetic conduits, and total correction by closure of the atrial and ventricular septal defects with anastomosis of the proximal and distal aortic segments.

Heart failure in cystic fibrosis. Treatment and prognosis of cor pulmonale with failure of the right side of the heart.

Failure of the right side of the heart with cardiac dilation and fluid retention occurred in 55 of 170 patients who died of cystic fibrosis; six patients survive. All had severe hypoxia, but 24% had normal PaCO2. Cardiac catheterization showed high mean pulmonary artery pressure and resistance.