Measurement, decomposition and level-switching in historical science: Geochronology and the ontology of scientific methods.

Philosophers of the historical sciences have focused to a significant extent on the problem of epistemic access facing these sciences: how do historical scientists overcome the relative scarcity of data about the past, compared to the present? Solving this problem usually requires solving another one, which I call the 'problem of ontic access:' how do historical scientists get access to entities and processes with properties that are potentially informative about the past? The case of geochronology illustrates one solution to this problem: historical scientists can get access to entities and processes with properties that are potentially informative about the past by exploiting the metaphysical structure of their domain. Geochronology experienced a spectacular explosion of its research boundaries in the 20th century. I explain this productivity by analyzing the ontology implicit in geochronological techniques.

Advancing Equity and Empowering Science Students from Indigenous Communities.

Implementation of Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Respect (DEIR) is crucial for supporting students in a culturally safe environment, reducing bias, fostering respect, broadening perspectives, enhancing collaboration, and improving education in science. DEIR with Indigenous reconciliation incorporates Indigenous-based DEIR initiatives as a response to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) in Canada to acknowledge the intergenerational trauma and mistrust toward colonial institutions such as universities. Universities can advance reconciliation by incorporating DEIR with Indigenous reconciliation into everyday practices.

Supramolecular Spin Chains via Radical-Radical Contacts Stabilizing Ferromagnetic Interactions Between Heisenberg or Ising-Like Spins.

A new paramagnetic ligand, 4-(2'-4-(2''-furyl)-pyrimidyl)-1,2,3,5-dithiadiazolyl (furylpymDTDA) and three transition metal coordination complexes, M(hfac)(furylpymDTDA) M=Mn, Co, Ni; hfac=1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoroacetylacetonato-), are reported. The solid-state structures are influenced by the geometry of the coordination sphere of the M(II) centers: trigonal (Mn) vs. octahedral (Co and Ni).

Atypical cofilin signaling drives dendritic cell migration through the extracellular matrix via nuclear deformation.

To mount an adaptive immune response, dendritic cells must migrate to lymph nodes to present antigens to T cells. Critical to 3D migration is the nucleus, which is the size-limiting barrier for migration through the extracellular matrix. Here, we show that inflammatory activation of dendritic cells leads to the nucleus becoming spherically deformed and enables dendritic cells to overcome the typical 2- to 3-μm diameter limit for 3D migration through gaps in the extracellular matrix.

Risk factors for seroma formation after axillary lymph node dissection with special focus on the impact of early shoulder exercise.

Background: Shoulder and arm dysfunction such as reduced range of motion (ROM) and seroma formation, are common complications following axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). There are conflicting results on the effect of early postoperative exercise on the risk of seroma. This study aims to present incidence of symptomatic seroma formation in a large, population-based cohort, and assesses whether early shoulder mobilization, and other common patient and treatment-related factors are predictors of seroma.