Docking-based preliminary study on the interactions of bile acids with drugs at the transporter level in intestinal bacteria.

Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate the binding-affinities of different bile acids towards drug transporters in Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium longum in order to predict the influence of bile acids and probiotics interactions on drug pharmacokinetics.

Materials And Methods: In order to study interactions of bile acids with transporters of intestinal bacteria, molecular-docking step was performed, using SwissDock web-service. For the purpose of comparison, two natural bile acids, cholic acid (CA) and deoxycholic acid (DCA), and one semi-synthetic bile acid, 12-monoketocholic acid (MKC), were studied in parallel.

The Influence of Intestinal Tract and Probiotics on the Fate of Orally Administered Drugs.

Although the liver has long been considered as a main organ responsible for drug metabolism, the role of the gut metabolizing enzymes and the gut microflora is becoming more profoundly evident in drug metabolism, absorption and overall efficacy. This review will explore various mechanisms by which the gut-microflora influences drug pharmacokinetics including biotransformation, bioactivation, and biodegradation as well as up- or down-regulation of the epithelial transporters. The gut-luminal fluids, intestinal mucosa and gut microflora contain high concentrations of various enzymes which are responsible for the oxidation, hydrolysis and conjugation of drugs.