Co-Localized Infrared-Raman Spectroscopy: An Innovative Approach for the Quantitative In Situ Analysis of Gas Mixtures at High Pressures.

This article spotlights the interest in using co-localized infrared (IR)-Raman spectroscopy as an innovative approach for the in situ monitoring of complex gas mixtures, e.g., hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO), and methane (CH), at elevated pressures.

Improving the detection of environmental enteric dysfunction: a lactulose, rhamnose assay of intestinal permeability in children aged under 5 years exposed to poor sanitation and hygiene.

Background: Environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) is an asymptomatic intestinal disorder affecting populations living in conditions of poor sanitation and hygiene. The study tested intestinal barrier function in infants with EED.

Methods: We prospectively studied an advanced high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry assay of urine collected after oral intake of the monosaccharide, L-rhamnose and the disaccharide, lactulose, in 112 children from three continents.

Assessing Feasibility and Readiness to Address Obesity through Policy in American Indian Reservations.

The Institute of Medicine and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have identified policy and environmental strategies as critical to the prevention and control of obesity. However such strategies are rare in American Indian communities despite significant obesity-related disparities. Tribal policymaking processes differ by tribal nation and are often poorly understood by researchers and public health practitioners, hindering the dissemination, implementation, and successful scale-up of evidence-base obesity strategies in tribal communities.

Increased prevalence of antimitochondrial antibodies in first-degree relatives of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis.

Unlabelled: Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a chronic cholestatic liver disorder that can progress to cirrhosis, shortening life expectancy. PBC patients are often asymptomatic, present with biochemical cholestasis, and test positive (>or=90%) for antimitochondrial antibodies (AMAs) in serum. Although AMA positivity without biochemical cholestasis may indicate increased risk of future PBC development, the contribution of these antibodies to pathogenesis remains enigmatic.

[Paracetamol poisonings in Norway 1990-2001].

Background: After the introduction of new regulations in 1981 and 1990 in Norway, over-the-counter sales of paracetamol and acetylsalicylic acid have been limited to 10 grams. From 1990 the sale of paracetamol has increased dramatically; that of acetylsalicylic acid has accordingly been reduced. We have investigated the morbidity and mortality from overdoses of analgesics, especially paracetamol, in the period 1990-2001.