Cancer Organoids as reliable disease models to drive clinical development of novel therapies.

On September 23-24 (2024) the 6th Workshop IRE on Translational Oncology, titled "Cancer Organoids as Reliable Disease Models to Drive Clinical Development of Novel Therapies," took place at the IRCCS Regina Elena Cancer Institute in Rome. This prominent international conference focused on tumor organoids, bringing together leading experts from around the world.A central challenge in precision oncology is modeling the dynamic tumor ecosystem, which encompasses numerous elements that evolve spatially and temporally.

Molecular insights unlocking therapeutic potential for multiple myeloma and bone disease management.

Multiple myeloma (MM), a hematologic malignancy characterized by the clonal expansion of plasma cells within the bone marrow, is associated with severe health complications, including osteolytic bone lesions that significantly increase the risk of fractures, leading to higher morbidity and mortality rates. One intriguing protein in this context is the RNA polymerase binding factor Che-1/AATF (Che-1), which has emerged as a potential player in the survival and proliferation of myeloma cells. Hippo pathway has been shown to be an important mediator of oncogenesis in solid tumors, especially for its role in shaping a tumor microenvironment favorable to cancer maintenance and spread.

Multi-dimensional Dataset of Stress Measurements based on Performance, Behavioural, and Perceptual Indicators.

The role of humans in industry is changing due to the technological transformation of production processes, which represents a potential source of stress for workers. In this context, the NO-STRESS project aims to combine objective and subjective data collected during task execution to explore causes of work-related stress and propose solutions to mitigate them. This paper describes the within-subjects study design used in the project, where each participant was exposed to all experimental conditions, and outlines the workflow developed during the study.

Single-modality endocrine therapy versus radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery in women aged 70 years and older with luminal A-like early breast cancer (EUROPA): a preplanned interim analysis of a phase 3, non-inferiority, randomised trial.

Background: Optimal therapy following breast-conserving surgery in older adults with low-risk, early-stage breast cancer remains uncertain. The EUROPA trial aims to compare the effects of radiotherapy and endocrine therapy as single-modality treatments on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and ipsilateral breast tumour recurrence (IBTR) outcomes in this population.

Methods: This non-inferiority, phase 3, randomised study was conducted at 18 academic hospitals across Italy (17 centres) and Slovenia (one centre).

Charting the transcriptomic landscape of primary and metastatic cancers in relation to their origin and target normal tissues.

Metastasis is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths, yet understanding how metastatic tumors adapt from their origin to their target tissues remains a fundamental challenge. To address this, we assessed whether primary and metastatic tumors more closely resemble their tissues of origin or target tissues in terms of gene expression. We analyzed expression profiles from multiple cancer types and normal tissues, including single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing data from both paired and unpaired patient cohorts.