[Intravenous drug users in Iceland: Use of emergency departments, hospital admissions and mortality].

Introduction: Drug abuse is a significant contributor to premature disease and mortality. Drug users are less likely to attend traditional Primary Health Care and more likely to present to Emergency Departments with their problems. Drug users often present late for treatment and find difficult ot engage and follow through treatment in standard models of health services.

[Loperamide abuse - constipation or heart attack?].

Loperamide is a μ-opioid receptor agonist with antidiarrhoeal effects. It is considered to have a low abuse potential because of substantial first-pass metabolism and P-glycoprotein-mediated efflux at the level of the blood-brain barrier. Previous case reports have described that high dosage of loperamide can induce an opioid-like effect on the central nervous system.

Methylphenidate disintegration from oral formulations for intravenous use by experienced substance users.

Background And Aims: Methylphenidate (MPH) is a prescription stimulant used to treat attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. MPH is currently the preferred substance among most intravenous (i.v.

Intravenous Use of Prescription Psychostimulants; A Comparison of the Pattern and Subjective Experience between Different Methylphenidate Preparations, Amphetamine and Cocaine.

Background/aims: Methylphenidate (MPH) has been the most commonly used intravenous (i.v.) substance in Iceland in recent years.