Aortic valve calcification across stages of dysglycemia in middle-aged individuals from the general population.

Background: Aortic valve calcification (AVC) is an underlying pathophysiological mechanism in aortic stenosis, which shares many risk factors with diabetes. However, the association between dysglycemia and early stages of AVC remains unclear. The aim was to examine the associations between stages of dysglycemia and signs of AVC among middle-aged individuals from the general population.

Exposure to Lead and Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis: A Swedish Cross-Sectional Population-Based Study.

Background: Lead is an established causal risk factor for coronary heart disease. Atherosclerosis may be the key mediator for this association, but evidence from studies in humans is limited. Our objective was to test the hypothesis that environmental lead exposure is associated with coronary atherosclerosis.

PlaqueViT: a vision transformer model for fully automatic vessel and plaque segmentation in coronary computed tomography angiography.

Objectives: To develop and evaluate a deep learning model for segmentation of the coronary artery vessels and coronary plaques in coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA).

Materials And Methods: CCTA image data from the Swedish CardioPulmonary BioImage Study (SCAPIS) was used for model development (n = 463 subjects) and testing (n = 123) and for an interobserver study (n = 65). A dataset from Linköping University Hospital (n = 28) was used for external validation.

Coronary artery calcifications are not associated with epicardial adipose tissue volume and attenuation on computed tomography in 1,945 individuals with various degrees of glucose disorders.

Background: The quantification of coronary artery calcifications (CAC) is a mainstay in radiological assessment of coronary atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk, but reflect advanced, possibly late-stage changes in the arteries. Increased volume and changes in attenuation of the epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) on computed tomography (CT) have been linked to adverse cardiovascular events, and these changes in the EAT might reflect earlier stages of the processes leading to clinically manifest atherosclerosis. The relationship between EAT and CAC is subject to a knowledge gap, especially in individuals with no previously known coronary artery disease.

Predictors of sickness absence among employees with common mental disorders in Sweden- a longitudinal study.

Background: The study aimed to explore which sociodemographic, health-related, and work-related factors were associated with the number of sickness absence days during 18 months among employees on sickness absence due to common mental disorders.

Methods: A longitudinal study with participants from a cluster-randomized controlled trial was conducted. Participants from both intervention and control groups were treated as one cohort.