Synbiotic supplementation may globally improve non-motor symptoms in patients with stable Parkinson's disease: results from an open label single-arm study.

Gut microbiota changes and brain-gut-axis (BGA) dysregulation are common in people with Parkinson's Disease (PD). Probiotics and prebiotics are emerging as a potential therapeutic approach for PD patients. The aim of this paper was to assess the neurological and gastroenterological effects in PD patients with constipation after the administration of a synbiotic product, with a focus on behavioral and cognitive symptoms.

The Sexual Dimorphism in Cerebrospinal Fluid Protein Content Does Not Affect Intrathecal IgG Synthesis in Multiple Sclerosis.

(1) Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that mainly affects young adults and females more than males. The detection of intrathecal IgG synthesis (IIS) on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis supports the diagnosis of MS. A sexual dimorphism has recently been described in CSF protein content.

EEG patterns associated with present cortical SSEP after cardiac arrest.

Background: After cardiac arrest (CA), present cortical somatosensory evoked potentials (N20 response of SSEPs) have low predictive value for good outcome and might be redundant with EEG.

Aims: To determine whether specific features, or rather global, standardized EEG assessments, are reliably associated with cortical SSEP occurrence after cardiac arrest (CA).

Methods: In a prospective CA registry, EEGs recorded within 72 hours were scored according to the ACNS nomenclature, and also categorized into "benign," "malignant," and "highly malignant.

Hypophosphatemia compared to classical biomarkers of tonic clonic seizures.

Background: Hypophosphatemia was recently reported as a potential marker of tonic-clonic (TC) seizures among patients with transitory loss of consciousness (TLOC). Its value compared to classical markers (creatine kinase [CK] and lactate) is however unknown.

Aim: Compare the diagnostic performance of hypophosphatemia, plasma CK, and lactate levels for distinguishing TC seizures from other TLOCs, alone or in combination.