Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Long-Acting Broadly Neutralizing HIV-1 Monoclonal Antibody VRC07523LS in Newborn Infants Exposed to HIV-1.

Background: Vertical HIV-1 transmission despite antiretroviral therapy may be mitigated by use of long-acting, broadly neutralizing, monoclonal antibodies (bNAb) such as VRC07523LS. The present study was designed to determine the safety and pharmacokinetics of VRC07523LS.

Methods: VRC07523LS, 80 mg/dose, was administered subcutaneously after birth to non-breastfed (Cohort 1; N=11, enrolled in USA) and breastfed (Cohort 2; N=11, enrolled in South Africa and Zimbabwe) infants exposed to HIV-1.

Factors associated with tuberculosis treatment initiation among bacteriologically negative individuals evaluated for tuberculosis: An individual patient data meta-analysis.

Background: Globally, over one-third of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) disease diagnoses are made based on clinical criteria after a negative bacteriological test result. There is limited information on the factors that determine clinicians' decisions to initiate TB treatment when initial bacteriological test results are negative.

Methods And Findings: We performed a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis using studies conducted between January 2010 and December 2022 (PROSPERO: CRD42022287613).

Diagnostic accuracy of LiquidArray MTB-XDR VER1.0 for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, fluoroquinolone, amikacin, ethambutol, and linezolid susceptibility.

Background: Drug susceptibility testing (DST) is essential for starting people on effective tuberculosis (TB) regimens. No published data exists for the high-throughput LiquidArray MTB-XDR (LA-XDR) test, which detects Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) and fluoroquinolone, amikacin, ethambutol, and linezolid susceptibility (latter two have no rapid DSTs available).

Methods: We enrolled people (n=720) with presumptive TB who provided two sputa for a Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra and a culture (MTBC reference standard).

stilPCR increases the effective sequencing length of Illumina targeted next-generation sequencing.

Identifying pathogens, resistance-conferring mutations, and strain types through targeted amplicon sequencing is an important tool. However, due to the limitations of short read sequencing, many applications require the division of limited clinical samples. Here, we present stilPCR (single-tube Illumina long read PCR), which allows the generation of hemi-nested amplicons in a single tube, with Illumina indexes and adapters, effectively increasing the Illumina read length without increasing the input requirements of reagents or sample.