Stromal architecture and fibroblast subpopulations with opposing effects on outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Dissecting the spatial heterogeneity of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) is vital for understanding tumor biology and therapeutic design. By combining pathological image analysis with spatial proteomics, we revealed two stromal archetypes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with different biological functions and extracellular matrix compositions. Using paired single-cell RNA and epigenomic sequencing with Stereo-seq, we revealed two fibroblast subsets CAF-FAP and CAF-C7, whose spatial enrichment strongly correlated with the two stromal archetypes and opposing patient prognosis.

Enhanced antitumor efficacy of STING agonist MSA-2 by lipid nanoparticles delivering circular IL-23 mRNA and platinum-modified MSA-2 combination.

A next-generation STING agonist MSA-2 is a promising tumor immunotherapy strategy. However, the methods for improving the anti-tumor efficacy of MSA-2 are a lot of effort. We have demonstrated antitumor effect of platinum-modified MSA-2 (MSA-2-Pt) was better than MSA-2.

AVP-GPT2: A Transformer-Powered Platform for De Novo Generation, Screening, and Explanation of Antiviral Peptides.

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) remains a significant global health threat, particularly for vulnerable populations. Despite extensive research, effective antiviral therapies are still limited. To address this urgent need, we present AVP-GPT2, a deep-learning model that significantly outperforms its predecessor, AVP-GPT, in designing and screening antiviral peptides.

Impact Damage Localization in Composite Structures Using Data-Driven Machine Learning Methods.

Due to the uncertainty of material properties of plate-like structures, many traditional methods are unable to locate the impact source on their surface in real time. It is important to study the impact source-localization problem for plate structures. In this paper, a data-driven machine learning method is proposed to detect impact sources in plate-like structures and its effectiveness is tested on three plate-like structures with different material properties.

Assessing Heat Resistance and Selecting Heat-Resistant Individuals of Largemouth Bass () with Tiered Thermal Exposure.

Largemouth bass (LMB, ), a commercially important farmed fish, is vulnerable to heat stress. Breeding heat-resistant LMB is highly desirable in the face of global warming. However, we still lack an efficient method to assess the heat resistance of LMB.