Publications by authors named "G B Landman"
Introduction: The incidence of melanoma has been increasing in recent decades. BRAF mutations appear in 50%-70% of melanomas. The BRAF-targeted therapy increased the disease-free survival of patients with metastatic melanoma, but this response may be short, due to several resistance mechanisms, such as the presence of other subclones with mutations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: This study investigates the mutational profile of the KIT gene in primary and metastatic melanomas, highlighting the significance of genetic heterogeneity.
Methods: This research is a retrospective cohort that includes formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded melanoma samples obtained from Hospital São Paulo, Brazil, between the years of 1996 and 2010. The research encompasses primary melanomas of the superficial spreading (SSM) and acral lentiginous (AL) subtypes and their metastases, using next-generation sequencing to explore genetic heterogeneity.
Article Synopsis
- This study investigates the relationship between metformin and statin use in the prevention of breast cancer among women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using a large dataset from the ZODIAC project.
- During a median follow-up of 5 years, results indicated that both metformin and statin usage were linked to a decrease in breast cancer incidence, with statin use enhancing the protective effects of metformin.
- Findings suggest that combining metformin and statin therapies could be a promising strategy for reducing breast cancer risk in women with T2DM.
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is increasingly being utilized as an ancillary tool for diagnostically challenging melanocytic neoplasms. It is incumbent upon the pathology community to perform studies assessing the benefits and limitations of these tools in specific diagnostic scenarios. One of the most challenging diagnostic scenarios faced by skin pathologists involves accurate diagnosis of desmoplastic melanocytic neoplasms (DMNs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Drivers of Spitz neoplasms are linked to mutations in HRAS and genomic fusions, while some BRAF-mutated melanocytic neoplasms can resemble Spitz tumors, leading to the classification known as BRAF mutated and morphologically spitzoid (BAMS).
- A study involving 17 pathologists assessed 54 cases, including 40 BAMS and 14 true Spitz tumors, without access to genomic data, and found a split in diagnostic preferences with about 38% identifying BAMS and 32% identifying ST among BAMS cases.
- The study highlighted significant difficulty in distinguishing BAMS from true Spitz tumors, with poor agreement among experts on precise diagnosis (kappa = 0.16), although there was