Unroughing the cat's tongue mushrooms: Four new species of from Brazil based on morphological and molecular phylogenetic evidence.

, commonly known as cat's tongue mushrooms, is a monophyletic assemblage within Auriculariales, which encompasses species with gelatinous basidiomata, spathulate, flabellate, or shell-shaped pileus, hydnoid hymenophore, globose to ellipsoidal basidiospores, and longitudinally cruciate-septate basidia. According to the available literature, 16 species have been described in , mostly represented in temperate-boreal forests of the Northern Hemisphere. However, the limited morphological, molecular, and ecological information, especially from the Southern Hemisphere ecosystems, does not presently allow a reliable assessment of its taxonomic boundaries nor provide a complete picture of the species diversity in the genus.

Comparative genomics and stable isotope analysis reveal the saprotrophic-pathogenic lifestyle of a neotropical fungus.

Unlabelled: In terrestrial forested ecosystems, fungi may interact with trees in at least three distinct ways: (i) associated with roots as symbionts; (ii) as pathogens in roots, trunks, leaves, flowers, and fruits; or (iii) decomposing dead tree tissues on soil or even on dead tissues in living trees. Distinguishing the latter two nutrition modes is rather difficult in Hymenochaetaceae (Basidiomycota) species. Herein, we have used an integrative approach of comparative genomics, stable isotopes, host tree association, and bioclimatic data to investigate the lifestyle ecology of the scarcely known neotropical genus , focusing on the unique species .

Innovative infrastructure to access Brazilian fungal diversity using deep learning.

In the present investigation, we employ a novel and meticulously structured database assembled by experts, encompassing macrofungi field-collected in Brazil, featuring upwards of 13,894 photographs representing 505 distinct species. The purpose of utilizing this database is twofold: firstly, to furnish training and validation for convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with the capacity for autonomous identification of macrofungal species; secondly, to develop a sophisticated mobile application replete with an advanced user interface. This interface is specifically crafted to acquire images, and, utilizing the image recognition capabilities afforded by the trained CNN, proffer potential identifications for the macrofungal species depicted therein.

A new and threatened species of from the Brazilian cloud forests.

A new and threatened polypore species, , is described from the cloud forests of southern Brazil. It is characterized by single-pileate basidiomata that grow on dead branches and along living stems of standing trunks and present a context with dark lines and resinous tubes. When growing in axenic culture, this species also develops chlamydospores.

Different crosslinking as a strategy to improve films produced from external mesocarp of pequi (Caryocar brasiliense).

The pequi (Caryocar brasiliense) external mesocarp is rich in phenolic compounds and pectin and demonstrates the potential to produce active and biodegradable films. Thus, the present study aimed to produce films with pequi mesocarp as a polymer matrix and evaluate the influence of crosslinking agents (calcium chloride and citric acid) on the film's properties. The films obtained from pequi mesocarp (MF), showed in general, complete biodegradation in 33 days, good antioxidant capacity, and inhibition against S.