Reduction in cancer risk by selective and nonselective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors.

We conducted a series of epidemiologic studies to evaluate the chemopreventive effects of aspirin, ibuprofen, and selective cyxlooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors (coxibs) against cancers of the breast, colon, prostate, and lung. Composite results across all four cancer sites revealed that regular intake of 325 mg aspirin, 200 mg ibuprofen, or standard dosages of coxibs (200 mg celecoxib or 25 mg rofecoxib) produced risk reductions of 49%, 59%, and 64%, respectively. Use of coxibs for at least 2 years was associated with risk reductions of 71%, 70%, 55%, and 60% for breast cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer and lung cancer, respectively.

Similar reductions in the risk of human colon cancer by selective and nonselective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors.

Background: Epidemiologic and laboratory investigations suggest that aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have chemopreventive effects against colon cancer perhaps due at least in part to their activity against cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), the rate-limiting enzyme of the prostaglandin cascade.

Methods: We conducted a case control study of colon cancer designed to compare effects of selective and non-selective COX-2 inhibitors. A total of 326 incident colon cancer patients were ascertained from the James Cancer Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, during 2003-2004 and compared with 652 controls with no history of cancer and matched to the cases at a 2:1 ratio on age, race, and county of residence.

Cancer chemoprevention by cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) blockade: results of case control studies.

Significant use of selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) blocking agents prescribed for the treatment of arthritis during 1999 to 2005 facilitates epidemiologic investigations to illuminate their chemopreventive effects against human cancer. We therefore conducted a set of case control studies of selective COX-2 blocking agents to determine their chemopreventive potential for the four major cancers: breast, prostate, colon, and lung. Newly diagnosed cases (323 breast cancer patients, 229 prostate cancer patients, 326 colon cancer patients, and 486 lung cancer patients) were ascertained during 2002 to September 30, 2004, at The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio.

Reduced risk of human lung cancer by selective cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) blockade: results of a case control study.

We conducted a case control study of selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) blocking agents and lung cancer. A total of 492 newly diagnosed lung cancer cases were ascertained during January 1, 2002 to September 30, 2004, at The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio. All cases were confirmed by examination of the pathology report.

Reduction in the risk of human breast cancer by selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors.

Background: Epidemiologic and laboratory investigations suggest that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have chemopreventive effects against breast cancer due to their activity against cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), the rate-limiting enzyme of the prostaglandin cascade.

Methods: We conducted a case control study of breast cancer designed to compare effects of selective and non-selective COX-2 inhibitors. A total of 323 incident breast cancer patients were ascertained from the James Cancer Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, during 2003-2004 and compared with 649 cancer free controls matched to the cases at a 2:1 ratio on age, race, and county of residence.