Pesticide risk reduction on crops in the Province of Ontario.

We analyzed the changes in pesticide use and risk in the Province of Ontario, Canada, from 1973 to 1998 to monitor the success of Food Systems 2002, a program to reduce pesticide use by 50%. Pesticide risk was calculated by multiplying the amount of pesticide used (kilograms of active ingredient) by the Environmental Impact Quotient (EIQ), a score for the potential risk of pesticides to farmworkers, consumers, and the environment. Pesticide use increased by 46% from 1973 to 1983.

Microclimate and habitat in relation to Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) populations on Long Point, Ontario, Canada.

The impact of microclimate and density of hosts for adult ticks on the density of Ixodes scapularis Say was evaluated within 4 habitats on Long Point, Ontario, from 1989-1992. During the period from May to September, mean weekly vapor pressure deficits were greater within the oak savannah and cottonwood dune habitats than at the maple forest and white pine habitats, which were similar. Vapor pressure deficit was likely the major factor affecting the survivorship of eggs and immature tricks in these habitats.

Abundance of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) larvae and nymphs in relation to host density and habitat on Long Point, Ontario.

Ixodes scapularis Say populations were evaluated within 4 habitats on Long Point, Ontario, from 1990 to 1992 to ascertain whether differences in density of mouse populations within and among habitats were correlated with that of immature I. scapularis populations. I.

Survival and development of the different life stages of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) held within four habitats on Long Point, Ontario, Canada.

From November 1989 to April 1993, blood-fed females and unfed adults and nymphs of lxodes scapularis Say were maintained in housings within 4 different habitats on Long Point, Ontario, Canada, to evaluate the effects of habitat on tick development. More fed females survived the winter within the maple forest (75.6%) than the cottonwood dune (36.

Duration of Borrelia burgdorferi infectivity in white-footed mice for the tick vector Ixodes scapularis under laboratory and field conditions in Ontario.

The duration of Borrelia burgdorferi infectivity in white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) experimentally inoculated or infested with infected Ixodes scapularis nymphs was evaluated. Infectivity was assessed by infesting these mice with unfed I. scapularis larvae at 7, 21, 35 and 49 days post-inoculation (DPI) or post-infestation (PI).