Publications by authors named "G A Richard"
The prediction of molecular phenotypes from DNA sequences remains a longstanding challenge in genomics, often driven by limited annotated data and the inability to transfer learnings between tasks. Here, we present an extensive study of foundation models pre-trained on DNA sequences, named Nucleotide Transformer, ranging from 50 million up to 2.5 billion parameters and integrating information from 3,202 human genomes and 850 genomes from diverse species.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCytokinesis physically separates daughter cells at the end of cell division. This step is particularly challenging for epithelial cells, which are connected to their neighbors and to the extracellular matrix by transmembrane protein complexes. To systematically evaluate the impact of the cell adhesion machinery on epithelial cytokinesis efficiency, we performed an RNAi-based modifier screen in the Drosophila follicular epithelium.
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- The study investigates how the heart and kidneys utilize ketones as an energy source using a tracer called carbon-11 acetoacetate (C-AcAc) in 10 healthy adults under different fasting and feeding conditions.
- Two models were used to assess metabolism, with the heart following a two-compartment model and the kidneys a three-compartment model; plasma ketone levels increased significantly after consuming D-beta-hydroxybutyrate (D-BHB).
- Findings reveal that C-AcAc uptake differs with age in both organs, and that D-BHB alters the body's response to meals, suggesting potential for using this methodology in future research on heart and kidney health in various conditions.
Background: Ketone metabolism has been studied using positron emission tomography (PET) with the radiotracers [C]acetoacetate and [C]β-hydroxybutyrate. However, whether these two radiotracers actually yield equivalent estimates of cerebral and myocardial ketone metabolism has not yet been investigated. This study aimed to investigate and compare the kinetics of both tracers in the brain and heart of healthy rats under varying levels of circulating ketones at baseline and after a single-dose exogenous ketone ester (KE) supplement.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBACKGROUNDIn type 1 diabetes (T1D), impaired insulin sensitivity may contribute to the development of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) through alterations in kidney oxidative metabolism.METHODSYoung adults with T1D (n = 30) and healthy controls (HCs) (n = 20) underwent hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp studies, MRI, 11C-acetate PET, kidney biopsies, single-cell RNA-Seq, and spatial metabolomics to assess this relationship.RESULTSParticipants with T1D had significantly higher glomerular basement membrane (GBM) thickness compared with HCs.
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