Probability of early infection extinction depends linearly on the virus clearance rate.

We provide an study of stochastic viral infection extinction from a pharmacokinetical viewpoint. Our work considers a non-specific antiviral drug that increases the virus clearance rate, and we investigate the effect of this drug on early infection extinction. Infection extinction data are generated by a hybrid multiscale framework that applies both continuous and discrete mathematical approaches.

Deviation from the recommended schedule: optimal dosing interval for a two-dose vaccination programme.

Optimizing vaccination impact during an emerging disease becomes crucial when vaccine supply is limited, and robust protection requires multiple doses. Facing this challenge during the early stages of the COVID-19 vaccine deployment, a pivotal policy question arose: whether to administer a single dose to a larger proportion of the population by deferring the second dose, or to prioritize stronger protection for a smaller subset of the population with the established dosing interval from clinical trials. Using a delay-differential model and considering waning immunity and distribution capacity, we compared these strategies.

Socioeconomic determinants and reasons for non-acceptance to vaccination recommendations during the 3 - 5 waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in Hungary.

Background: In Hungary, although six types of vaccines were widely available, the percentage of people receiving the primary series of COVID-19 vaccination remained below the EU average. This paper investigates the reasons for Hungary's lower vaccination coverage by exploring changing attitudes towards vaccination, socio-demographic determinants, and individual reasons for non-acceptance during the 3 - 5 pandemic waves of COVID-19.

Methods: The study's empirical analysis is based on representative surveys conducted in Hungary between February 19, 2021, and June 30, 2022.

Autopsy findings in cancer patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 show a milder presentation of COVID-19 compared to non-cancer patients.

COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, manifests with differing severity across distinct patient subgroups, with outcomes influenced by underlying comorbidities such as cancer, which may cause functional and compositional alterations of the immune system during tumor progression. We aimed to investigate the association of SARS-CoV-2 infection and its complications with cancer in a large autopsy series and the role of COVID-19 in the fatal sequence leading to death. A total of 2641 adult autopsies were investigated, 539 of these were positive for SARS-CoV-2.

Impact and cost-effectiveness analyses of vaccination for prevention of respiratory syncytial virus disease among older adults in Ontario: A Canadian Immunization Research Network (CIRN) study.

Background: Two prefusion F protein-based vaccines, Arexvy and Abrysvo, have been approved by Health Canada for protecting older adults against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-associated lower respiratory tract disease. We estimated the health benefits and cost-effectiveness of these vaccines under a publicly funded single-dose vaccination program in Ontario that targets residents of long-term care homes (LTCHs). Additionally, we evaluated an extended program that broadens vaccination to include community-dwelling older adults.