Rates of excretion of cotinine, nicotine glucuronide, and 3-hydroxycotinine glucuronide in rat bile.

A new HPLC assay was adapted for radiometric detection of nicotine metabolites in rat bile. Two glucuronides were identified as the principal biliary metabolites of nicotine. In addition to nicotine glucuronide and 3-hydroxycotinine glucuronide, cotinine was also detected in bile after administration to rats of a single subcutaneous dose of (-)-S-nicotine (0.

Nicotine metabolism in stumptailed macaques, Macaca arctoides.

Stumptailed macaques received a single i.v. dose of 14C-nicotine (5 microCi and 300 micrograms/kg) on several separate occasions to establish baselines.

Disposition of nicotine and eight metabolites in smokers and nonsmokers: identification in smokers of two metabolites that are longer lived than cotinine.

The disposition of a single intravenous dose of 14C-nicotine was investigated in six cigarette smokers and six nonsmokers. Plasma and urinary elimination of both nicotine and cotinine was faster in smokers than in nonsmokers. In the urine of both smokers and nonsmokers, we identified nicotine and eight metabolites, including two new metabolites: metabolite A (3-hydroxycotinine glucuronide) and metabolite G (demethylcotinine delta 2',3'-enamine).