Elimination of Ni(II) from wastewater using metal-organic frameworks and activated algae encapsulated in chitosan/carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogel beads: Adsorption isotherm, kinetic, and optimizing via Box-Behnken design optimization.

The study investigated the enhancement of stability and efficacy in the removal of bivalent nickel ions (Ni(II)) by utilizing a cerium metal-organic framework (Ce-MOF) encapsulated within a food-grade algal matrix. This composite material is integrated into a dual-layer hydrogel containing chitosan and carboxymethyl cellulose. The enhancement of structural integrity in the final product can be attributed to the cross-linking process with epichlorohydrin, leading to the development of Ce-MOF-FGA/CMC-CS hydrogel beads.

Effective synthesis and characterization of citric acid cross-linking of modified ferrous metal-organic framework and chitosan nanocomposite sponge for Th(IV) elimination: Adsorption isotherms, kinetic analysis, and optimization by Box-Behnken design.

This research presents a novel nanocomposite of ferrous metal-organic framework (Fe(II)-MOF) that has been encapsulated with chitosan matrix, leading to the development of a new adsorbent referred to as NH-Fe(II)-MOF@CSC composite sponge. This composite sponge has shown effectiveness in removing radioactive thorium (IV) contamination from water sources. The adsorbent underwent characterization using techniques including FTIR, PXRD, BET analysis, and SEM.

Guava seed activated carbon loaded calcium alginate aerogel for the adsorption of diclofenac sodium: Characterization, isotherm, kinetics, and optimization via Box-Behnken design.

This study aimed to develop a novel adsorbent designed for the removal of diclofenac sodium (DS) from water. The synthesized adsorbent, a composite sponge known as guava seeds activated carbon loaded calcium alginate (GSAC@CA aerogel), was created through the combination of powdered activated carbon derived from guava seeds and loaded onto a calcium alginate hydrogel. Characterization through SEM, XRD, FT-IR, BET, and XPS revealed a confirmed surface area of 738.

Chitosan-nano CuO composite for removal of mercury (II): Box-Behnken design optimization and adsorption mechanism.

The study aimed to develop an adsorbent for extracting mercury (II) from water by combining chitosan beads with green copper oxide nanoparticles. This resulted in the synthesis of the CuO NPs@CSC composite sponge, achieved by loading CuO NPs onto citrate-crosslinked chitosan (CSC). Characterization involved X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy.