Identification of Host-Protein Interaction Network of Canine Parvovirus Capsid Protein VP2 in F81 Cells.

Canine Parvovirus (CPV) is a highly contagious virus that causes severe hemorrhagic enteritis and myocarditis, posing a major threat to the life and health of dogs. The molecular mechanism by which VP2, the major capsid protein of CPV, infects host cells and utilizes host cell proteins for self-replication remains poorly understood. In this study, 140 host proteins specifically binding to CPV VP2 protein were identified by immunoprecipitation combined with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).

Assessment of probiotic Bacillus velezensis supplementation to reduce Campylobacter jejuni colonization in chickens.

Campylobacter jejuni continues to be a major public health issue worldwide. Poultry are recognized as the main reservoir for this foodborne pathogen. Implementing measures to decrease C.

External validation of predictive models for new vertebral fractures following percutaneous vertebroplasty.

Objective: To investigate the external validation and scalability of four predictive models regarding new vertebral fractures following percutaneous vertebroplasty.

Methods: Utilizing retrospective data acquired from two centers, compute the area under the curve (AUC), calibration curve, and Kaplan-Meier plot to assess the model's discrimination and calibration.

Results: In the external validation of Zhong et al.

Transcriptional Differential Analysis of Nitazoxanide-Mediated Anticanine Parvovirus Effect in F81 Cells.

Canine parvovirus (CPV) is a single-stranded DNA virus that can cause typical hemorrhagic enteritis, and it is one of the common canine lethal viruses. In previous studies, we screened the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)'s drug library and identified nitazoxanide (NTZ), which has anti-CPV capabilities. To investigate the potential antiviral mechanisms, we first reconfirmed the inhibitory effect of NTZ on the CPV by inoculating with different doses and treating for different lengths of time.

Chaperonin TRiC/CCT subunit CCT7 is involved in the replication of canine parvovirus in F81 cells.

Canine parvovirus (CPV) is one of the most common lethal viruses in canines. The virus disease is prevalent throughout the year, with high morbidity and mortality rate, causing serious harm to dogs and the dog industry. Previously, yeast two hybrid method was used to screen the protein chaperonin containing TCP-1 (CCT7) that interacts with VP2.

Effects of OxyR regulator on oxidative stress, Apx toxin secretion and virulence of .

Introduction: , the causative agent of porcine pleuropneumonia, poses a significant threat to global swine populations due to its high prevalence, mortality rates, and substantial economic ramifications. Understanding the pathogen's defense mechanisms against host-produced reactive oxygen species is crucial for its survival, with OxyR, a conserved bacterial transcription factor, being pivotal in oxidative stress response.

Methods: This study investigated the presence and role of OxyR in serovar 1-12 reference strains.

Characterization of the mechanism of bile salt hydrolase substrate specificity by experimental and computational analyses.

Bile salt hydrolases (BSHs) are currently being investigated as target enzymes for metabolic regulators in humans and as growth promoters in farm animals. Understanding structural features underlying substrate specificity is necessary for inhibitor design. Here, we used a multidisciplinary workflow including mass spectrometry, mutagenesis, molecular dynamic simulations, machine learning, and crystallography to demonstrate substrate specificity in Lactobacillus salivarius BSH, the most abundant enzyme in human and farm animal intestines.

Critical role of the RpoE stress response pathway in polymyxin resistance of Escherichia coli.

Objectives: Polymyxins, including colistin, are the drugs of last resort to treat MDR bacterial infections in humans. In-depth understanding of the molecular basis and regulation of polymyxin resistance would provide new therapeutic opportunities to combat increasing polymyxin resistance. Here we aimed to identify novel targets that are crucial for polymyxin resistance using Escherichia coli BL21(DE3), a unique colistin-resistant model strain.

Campylobacter jejuni infection induces dynamic expression of avian host defense peptides in vitro and in vivo.

Campylobacter jejuni is considered as the leading cause of worldwide foodborne bacterial gastroenteritis. Chicken is the main reservoir of C. jejuni.

Monoclonal antibody-based indirect competitive ELISA for quantitative detection of Enterobacteriaceae siderophore enterobactin.

Enterobactin (Ent) is a promising indicator to monitor intestinal level of Enterobacteriaceae for assessment of gut inflammation. In this study, we developed a monoclonal antibody (mAb)-based ELISA for Ent quantification. We immunized mice with an Ent conjugate vaccine.

Development of IMBs-qPCR detection method for Yersinia enterocolitica based on the foxA gene.

Yersinia enterocolitica is an important zoonotic pathogen, which seriously endangers food-safety risk. In this study, the recombinant outer membrane protein OmpF and its antibody were prepared and coupled with immunomagnetic beads (IMBs) to capture Y. enterocolitica in food samples, combining the quantitative PCR detection with primers of virulence factor gene foxA for Yersinia enterocolitica contamination.

Critical Role of 3'-Downstream Region of in Polymyxin Resistance in BL21(DE3).

Polymyxins, such as colistin and polymyxin B, are the drugs used as a last resort to treat multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections in humans. Increasing colistin resistance has posed a serious threat to human health, warranting in-depth mechanistic research. In this study, using a functional cloning approach, we examined the molecular basis of colistin resistance in BL21(DE3).

The Transcriptomic and Bioinformatic Characterizations of Iron Acquisition and Heme Utilization in in Response to Iron-Starvation.

is the pathogen of infectious coryza, which is a highly contagious respiratory disease of chickens that brings a potentially serious threat to poultry husbandry. Iron is an important nutrient for bacteria and can be obtained from surroundings such as siderophores and hemophores. To date, the mechanisms of iron acquisition and heme utilization as well as detailed regulation in have been poorly understood.

Exposure to Sublethal Ciprofloxacin Induces Resistance to Ciprofloxacin and Cross-Antibiotics, and Reduction of Fitness, Biofilm Formation, and Apx Toxin Secretion in .

, the etiological agent of porcine pleuropneumonia, is increasingly resistant to antibiotics. However, little is known about the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in this pathogen. In this study, we experimentally evolved the reference strain of both serovar 1 and serovar 7, the most prevalent serovars worldwide, to quinolone resistance by sequential exposure to subinhibitory concentrations of ciprofloxacin.

Ct value-based real time PCR serotyping of Glaesserella parasuis.

Glaesserella parasuis is the causative agent of Glässer's disease in swine. Serotyping plays an essential role in prevalence investigations and in the development of vaccination strategies for the prevention of this disease. Molecular serotyping based on variation within the capsule loci of the 15 serovars is more accurate and efficient than traditional serological serotyping.

First isolation and pathogenicity analysis of a genogroup U strain of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus from rainbow trout in China.

Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) is a major fish viral pathogen causing acute clinical disease and death in a variety of salmonids. IHNV isolates have been classified into five major genogroups according to the phylogenetic analysis of partial G gene fragments or the complete G gene sequence: U, M, E, L and J. Genogroup U strains have been reported in North America and Japan prior to 1982, and genogroup J is the only genogroup that has been reported in China.

Immunization of Chickens with the Enterobactin Conjugate Vaccine Reduced Colonization in the Intestine.

is the leading bacterial cause of human enteritis in developed countries. Chicken is the major animal reservoir of and a powerful infection model for human campylobacteriosis. No commercial vaccine against is available to date.

Oral Immunization of Chickens with Expressing Temporarily Reduces Colonization.

is the leading cause of human foodborne enteritis worldwide. Poultry products are regarded as the main source of human campylobacteriosis. Strategies are being developed to reduce colonization of poultry by .

The complex structure of bile salt hydrolase from Lactobacillus salivarius reveals the structural basis of substrate specificity.

The gut bacterial bile salt hydrolase (BSH) plays a critical role in host lipid metabolism and energy harvest. Therefore, BSH is a promising microbiome target to develop new therapies to regulate obesity in humans and novel non-antibiotic growth promoters for food animals. We previously reported the 1.

Inhibitory Effects of Antiviral Drug Candidates on Canine Parvovirus in F81 cells.

Canine parvovirus (CPV) is a common etiological agent of acute enteritis, which occurs globally in domestic and wild carnivores. Despite the widespread use of inactivated or live attenuated vaccines, the emergence of antigenic variants and the influence of maternal antibodies have raised some concerns regarding the efficacy of commercial vaccines. While no specific antiviral therapy for CPV infection exists, the only treatment option for the infection is supportive therapy based on symptoms.

MCR-1 Confers Cross-Resistance to Bacitracin, a Widely Used In-Feed Antibiotic.

Extensive use of colistin in food animals is deemed a major driving force for the emergence and transmission of However, a non-colistin usage factor(s) contributing to mobile colistin resistance may also exist in animal production systems. Given that polymyxin, a bacterium-derived peptide antibiotic, has been successfully used as a surrogate to study bacterial resistance to antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), acquisition of MCR-1 may confer cross-resistance to the unrelated AMPs implicated in practical applications. To test this, we first constructed recombinant strains differing only in the presence or absence of functional MCR-1.

Selection of Avibacterium paragallinarum Page serovar B strains for an infectious coryza vaccine.

Infectious coryza is an important respiratory disease of chickens around the world and is caused by Avibacterium paragallinarum. Among the three Page serovars currently recognized for this bacterium, serovar B is a major circulating serovar in China nowadays. The cross-protection ability of the Page serovar B reference strain (0222) and five local isolates was evaluated by a vaccination-challenge trial in SPF chickens.

Validation of Reference Genes for Real-Time Quantitative PCR (qPCR) Analysis of Avibacterium paragallinarum.

Real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) offers a robust method for measurement of gene expression levels. Selection of reliable reference gene(s) for gene expression study is conducive to reduce variations derived from different amounts of RNA and cDNA, the efficiency of the reverse transcriptase or polymerase enzymes. Until now reference genes identified for other members of the family Pasteurellaceae have not been validated for Avibacterium paragallinarum.

[Immunological modulation of chickens by recombinant Lactococcus lactis expressing ferric enterobactin receptor CfrA of Campylobacter jejuni].

Objective: The purpose of this study is to reduce the colonization level of Campylobacter jejuni in chicken intestine by oral immunization of recombinant Lactococcus lactis expressing the ferric enterobactin receptor CfrA of C. jejuni.

Methods: The whole cfrA gene and its N-terminal fragments were amplified by PCR, inserted into the expression vector pNZ8149 and transformed into L.