Establishment of an NPK nutrient monitor system in yield-graded cotton petioles under drip irrigation.

Background: The determination of nutrient content in the petiole is one of the important methods for achieving cotton fertilization management. The establishment of a monitoring system for the nutrient content of cotton petioles during important growth periods under drip irrigation is of great significance for achieving precise fertilization and environmental protection.

Methods: A total of 100 cotton fields with an annual yield of 4500-7500 kg/ha were selected among the main cotton-growing areas of Northern Xinjiang.

Effect of different NPK fertilization timing sequences management on soil-petiole system nutrient uptake and fertilizer utilization efficiency of drip irrigation cotton.

In order to elucidate the effects of different nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) fertilization timing sequences management on nutrient absorption and utilization in drip irrigation cotton, field experiments were conducted from 2020 to 2021. There are six timing sequences management methods for NPK fertilization (S1-S6: 1/3Time N-1/3Time PK-1/3Time W, 1/3Time PK-1/3Time N-1/3Time W, 1/2Time NPK-1/2Time W, 1/4Time W-1/4Time N-1/4Time PK-1/4Time W, 1/3Time W-1/3Time NPK-1/3Time W), among which S6 is the current management method for field fertilization timing sequences, and S7 is the non N. The results showed that during the main growth stage, S5 accumulated more nitrate nitrogen (NO-N) and ammonium nitrogen (NH-N) content in soil between 20 and 40 cm, and accumulated more available phosphorus content in soil between 5-15 cm and 15-25 cm, S5 reducing N leaching and increasing P mobility.

Electrolyte Salts and Additives Regulation Enables High Performance Aqueous Zinc Ion Batteries: A Mini Review.

Aqueous zinc ion batteries (ZIBs) are regarded as one of the most ideally suited candidates for large-scale energy storage applications owning to their obvious advantages, that is, low cost, high safety, high ionic conductivity, abundant raw material resources, and eco-friendliness. Much effort has been devoted to the exploration of cathode materials design, cathode storage mechanisms, anode protection as well as failure mechanisms, while inadequate attentions are paid on the performance enhancement through modifying the electrolyte salts and additives. Herein, to fulfill a comprehensive aqueous ZIBs research database, a range of recently published electrolyte salts and additives research is reviewed and discussed.

Estimation of nitrate nitrogen content in cotton petioles under drip irrigation based on wavelet neural network approach using spectral indices.

Background: Estimation of nitrate nitrogen (NO-N) content in petioles is one of the key approaches for monitoring nitrogen (N) nutrition in crops. Rapid, non-destructive, and accurate evaluation of NO-N contents in cotton petioles under drip irrigation is of great significance.

Methods: In this study, we discussed the use of hyperspectral data to estimate NO-N contents in cotton petioles under drip irrigation at different N treatments and growth stages.

[Dynamics simulation on plant growth, N accumulation and utilization of processing tomato at different N fertilization rates].

Three field experiments were conducted to simulate the dynamics of aboveground biomass, N accumulation and utilization of drip-irrigated processing tomatoes at different N fertilization rates (0, 75, 150, 300, 450, or 600 kg x hm(-2)). The results showed that Logistic models best described the changes in aboveground biomass, N accumulation, and utilization of accumulated N efficiency with the physiological development time (PDT). Rapid accumulation of N began about 4-6 d (PDT) earlier than the rapid accumulation of aboveground biomass.

Rice photosynthetic productivity and PSII photochemistry under nonflooded irrigation.

Nonflooded irrigation is an important water-saving rice cultivation technology, but little is known on its photosynthetic mechanism. The aims of this work were to investigate photosynthetic characteristics of rice during grain filling stage under three nonflooded irrigation treatments: furrow irrigation with plastic mulching (FIM), furrow irrigation with nonmulching (FIN), and drip irrigation with plastic mulching (DI). Compared with the conventional flooding (CF) treatment, those grown in the nonflooded irrigation treatments showed lower net photosynthetic rate (PN), lower maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm), and lower effective quantum yield of PSII photochemistry (ΦPSII).

Use of a digital camera to monitor the growth and nitrogen status of cotton.

The main objective of this study was to develop a nondestructive method for monitoring cotton growth and N status using a digital camera. Digital images were taken of the cotton canopies between emergence and full bloom. The green and red values were extracted from the digital images and then used to calculate canopy cover.

Rice performance and water use efficiency under plastic mulching with drip irrigation.

Plastic mulching with drip irrigation is a new water-saving rice cultivation technology, but little is known on its productivity and water-saving capacity. This study aimed to assess the production potential, performance, and water use efficiency (WUE) of rice under plastic mulching with drip irrigation. Field experiments were conducted over 2 years with two rice cultivars under different cultivation systems: conventional flooding (CF), non-flooded irrigation incorporating plastic mulching with furrow irrigation (FIM), non-mulching with furrow irrigation (FIN), and plastic mulching with drip irrigation (DI).

[Simulation model for the development stages of processing tomato based on physiological development time].

After the comprehensive consideration of the effects of temperature and light on the development physiology of processing tomato, the intrinsic development factor (IDF) was introduced, and, through the analysis of the dynamic relationships between the development stages of different type processing tomato and related environmental factors, the simulation model for the development stages of processing tomato was constructed, based on the concept of physiological development time (PDTv). Different years' experimental data about ecological zones, varieties, and planting modes were used to validate the model. The simulated results about the number of days from sowing to seedling emergence, flowering, fruit-setting, maturing, and ending accorded well with the observed ones, the root mean squared error (RMSE) being 1.

[Quantitative analysis on the relationships between cotton fiber quality and meteorological factors].

With the method of planting cotton by stages at the sites from Yangtze valley to north Xinjiang, this paper studied the effects of air temperature and sunlight on cotton fiber quality in 2002 approximately 2003. The results showed that with increasing latitude, fiber length increased, while micronaire value and soluble sugar content (SSC) decreased. An ecological model describing the relationships of fiber strength, micronaire value and SSC with air temperature and sunlight was built to determine the optimal range and critical value of air temperature during boll development period.

[A physiological development time-based simulation model for cotton development stages and square- and boll formation].

In this study, three cotton varieties (CRI 36, CRI 35 and CRI 41) were planted in Nanjing, Anyang, Baoding and Shihezi, respectively, in 2002, and the dynamic relationships between their development and environmental factors were analyzed. Based on this, a simulation model for cotton development stages and square-and boll development was built in terms of physiological development time (PDT). In calculating relative thermal effectiveness, the effect of diurnal temperature differences in different regions on cotton development was incorporated, and the enhancement of plastic mulching on air temperature was quantified.

[Principle of "multiple ecological niche of one-species (variety)" and its application in high yield cotton cultivation].

The multiple ecological niche of one-species (variety) (MENOS) population is formed by one species (variety), but the ecological units have different temporal, spatial, nutritional, temperature, or water ecological niche. The formation of MENOS population is characterized by its specific object, one species (variety), multiple layer canopy, human being's active adjustment, specific niche breadth, and overlap and separation of ecological units. This paper analyzed the characteristics of the super high yield cotton population with dual ecological niche of one-species (variety) (DENOS).