Risk assessment and impact prediction of associated heavy metal pollution in selenium-rich farmland.

Selenium (Se)-rich farmland is a valuable and nonrenewable resource for addressing the global challenge of Se deficiency. However, frequent warnings of heavy metal pollution have threatened the safety and legitimacy of Se-rich functional agriculture, eventually damaged public health security. Definitive and judgmental quantitative studies on this hazardous phenomenon are still missing.

Synthesis and Application of Salicylhydrazone Probes with High Selectivity for Rapid Detection of Cu.

Using the aldehyde amine condensation procedure and the triphenylamine group as the skeleton structure, the new triphenylamine-aromatic aldehyde-succinylhydrazone probe molecule DHBYMH was created. A newly created acylhydrazone probe was structurally characterized by mass spectrometry (MS), NMR, and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Fluorescence and UV spectroscopy were used to examine DHBYMH's sensing capabilities for metal ions.

A "Pincer" Type of Acridine-Triazole Fluorescent Dye for Iodine Detection by Both 'Naked-Eye' Colorimetric and Fluorometric Modes.

Iodine, primarily in the form of iodide (I), is the bioavailable form for the thyroid in the human body. Both deficiency and excess intake of iodide can lead to serious health issues, such as thyroid disease. Selecting iodide ions among anions has been a significant challenge for decades due to interference from other anions.

Impacts, causes and biofortification strategy of rice selenium deficiency based on publication collection.

Selenium (Se) deficiency in rice will result in a Se hidden hunger threat to the general public's human health, particularly in areas where rice consumption is high. Nevertheless, the impact scope and coping strategies have not been given sufficient focus on a worldwide scale. In order to evaluate the impacts, causes and biofortification strategies of Se-deficient rice, this study collected data from the publications on three themes: market survey, field sampling and controlled experiments.

Improving food security and farmland carbon sequestration in China through enhanced rock weathering: Field evidence and potential assessment in different humid regions.

Enhanced rock weathering (ERW) in farmland is an emerging carbon dioxide removal technology with crushed silicate rocks for soil improvement. However, due to climatic variability and field data limitations, uncertainties remain regarding the influence of ERW on food security and soil carbon pools in temperate regions. This study focused to evaluate the crop productivity and carbon sequestration potential of farmland ERW in China by conducting field monitoring in different humid regions and ERW performance model.

Irrigation leads to new Se-toxicity paddy fields in and around typical Se-toxicity area.

Although the issue has been of much concern and has subsequently been controlled for years, the environmental risk of excess selenium (Se) in farmlands still has not been eliminated in Se-toxicity areas. Different types of farmland utilization can change Se behavior in soil. Thus, located field monitoring and surveys of various farmland soils in and around typical Se-toxicity areas spanning eight years were conducted in the tillage layer and deeper soils.

Effects of different carbon substrates on PAHs fractions and microbial community changes in PAHs-contaminated soils.

Different types of carbon substrates were widely used in soil remediation. However, differences of their impacts and related mechanisms on degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and microbial community structures in contaminated soil still remain unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of corn straw (S), glucose (G), straw combined with glucose (SG), and sodium azide (N, as an abiotic control) on PAHs fractions and bacterial communities in soil.

Differences in selenium concentration and bioavailability between paddy and dryland soils of China: A study based on literature collection and field sampling.

Lack systematic understanding of differences in environmental behavior of selenium between paddy and dryland soils affects Se biofortification and leads to human Se-related health risks. Therefore, this study investigated differences in Se concentration and bioavailability between paddy and dryland soils using data collected from literatures and field sampling. Our analysis showed paddy soil Se concentration in Se-rich area of China was significantly lower than that in dryland soil.

Influence of exogenous selenomethionine and selenocystine on uptake and accumulation of Se in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Xinong 979).

Soil selenium (Se) is mainly inorganic including selenate and selenite but organic forms such as selenomethionine (SeMet) and selenocystine (SeCys) are commonly present. Although organic Se is bioavailable or potentially bioavailable to plants, whether the effects of the organic Se on uptake and accumulation of Se in winter wheat differ in forms is still not clear. Both hydroponic experiments and a pot trial of whole plant growth stage were conducted to investigate the effects of SeMet and L-selenocystine (SeCys) on uptake and accumulation of Se in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.

Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on accumulation and translocation of selenium in winter wheat.

Background: Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient for humans and animals, but not for plants. Generally, cereals including wheat and rice are the main source of dietary Se for humans. Although arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are ubiquitous soil microbes and commonly develop symbionts with winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.

Precursor characteristics of mono-HAAs during chlorination and cytotoxicity of mono-HAAs on HEK-293T cells.

Monohaloacetic acids (mono-HAAs), a class of disinfection by-products widely occurred in drinking water, receives significant attention due to their extremely high toxicity. Many studies on the biological toxicity of mono-HAAs have been reported, yet the toxic effects of mono-HAAs on human renal cells (kidney is one of the target organs for disinfection by-products) has not been involved. Studies on organic precursors for mono-HAAs formation were also very limited due to their lower levels as compared to di-HAAs and tri-HAAs.

Selenium uptake and accumulation in winter wheat as affected by level of phosphate application and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.

Selenium (Se) is an advantageous element to crops. However, the influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), phosphate (P) and selenite in soil on Se uptake by winter wheat remain elusive. Pot trials were carried out including seven levels of P (0, 12.

Uptake and accumulation of naphthalene, phenanthrene, and benzo(b)fluoranthene in winter wheat affected by foliar exposure at different growth stages.

Foliar uptake, as an important pathway of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) accumulation in winter wheat, has a great contribution to wheat PAHs, which mainly depends on atmospheric PAHs level. An indoor simulation experiment was conducted to explore the effects of foliar exposure to PAHs at different growth stages on PAHs uptake in wheat. Three levels (0, 0.

Effects of Corn Straw and Citric Acid on Removal of PAHs in Contaminated Soil Related to Changing of Bacterial Community and Functional Gene Expression.

Root exudates can stimulate microbial degradation in rhizosphere, but it is unclear whether the rhizodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) occurs in corn straw-amended soil. Either citric acid or corn straw was added into PAHs-contaminated soil to investigate their effect on the removal of PAHs. Either corn straw (Y) or combined application of corn straw and citric acid (YN100) significantly (p < 0.

Influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on selenium uptake by winter wheat depends on the level of selenate spiked in soil.

Selenium (Se) deficiency has been a public health concern for years. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play an essential role in improving Se uptake in crops, but related mechanisms still remain unclear. To explore the influence of AMF on uptake of Se in winter wheat, a pot experiment was conducted to inoculate wheat with Funneliformis mosseae (F.

Size-dependent transformation, uptake, and transportation of SeNPs in a wheat-soil system.

Foliar application of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) has been used to enhance Se concentration in winter wheat, but soil application of SeNPs on Se uptake in the crop and their transformation in soil are still limited. This study investigated the effects of varying sizes (50, 100, 200 nm) and concentrations (0, 2, 5, 25, 100 mg kg) of chemical synthesized SeNPs in soil on uptake and accumulation of Se in the crop at maturity and related mechanisms. SeNPs not only posed very low toxic to plant growth, except for leaf, but also significantly enhanced grain Se concentration.

Using simple and easy water quality parameters to predict trihalomethane occurrence in tap water.

Monitoring of disinfection by-products (DBPs) in water supply system is important to ensure safety of drinking water. Yet it is a laborious job. Developing predictive DBPs models using simple and easy parameters is a promising way.

Combined application of rhamnolipid and agricultural wastes enhances PAHs degradation via increasing their bioavailability and changing microbial community in contaminated soil.

Either biosurfactants or agricultural wastes were frequently used to enhance degradation of PAHs in soil, but there is still not clear whether combined application of biosurfactants and agricultural wastes is more efficient. Rhamnolipid and/or agricultural wastes (mushroom substrate or maize straw) were mixed with PAHs-contaminated soil to explore their performances in the removal of PAHs. The present study showed that rhamnolipid combined with mushroom substrate (MR, 30.

miR-491-5p inhibits the proliferation and migration of A549 cells by FOXP4.

Aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) plays a key role in the development of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In the present study, lower miRNA (miR)-491-5p levels and a higher forkhead box P4 (FOXP4) mRNA level were observed in NSCLC tissues and cell lines, compared to adjacent tissues and the normal human lung epithelial cell line BEAS-2B, respectively. A549 cell proliferation and migration were inhibited upon transfection of miR-491-5p mimics compared to miR-negative control (NC) mimics.

New methods based on back propagation (BP) and radial basis function (RBF) artificial neural networks (ANNs) for predicting the occurrence of haloketones in tap water.

Haloketones (HKs) is one class of disinfection by-products (DBPs) which is genetically toxic and mutagenic. Monitoring HKs in drinking water is important for drinking water safety, yet it is a time-consuming and laborious job. Developing predictive models of HKs to estimate their occurrence in drinking water is a good alternative, but to date no study was available for HKs modeling.

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Urban Soils of Zhengzhou City, China: Occurrence, Source and Human Health Evaluation.

Increasing contamination of urban soil by persistent organic pollutants is a major environmental issue. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the distribution, source and human health risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in different functional areas in Zhengzhou City, China. Total 130 soil samples were collected from surface layer (0-10 cm) in urban road, overpass, residential area and park in the city during January 2019.

Dynamic distribution and accumulation of PAHs in winter wheat during whole plant growth: Field investigation.

A field investigation was conducted to study the dynamic distribution and accumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in winter wheat in the surrounds of a coal-fired power plant. During March to June 2019, various tissues of winter wheat and the corresponding rhizosphere soil were collected for determination of PAHs. A clear spatial downward trend was found in concentration of ΣPAHs in rhizosphere soil and wheat grain (194-237 μg kg DM) with the increasing distance from the coal-fired power plant.

Effects of cuticular wax content and specific leaf area on accumulation and partition of PAHs in different tissues of wheat leaf.

An indoor simulation experiment was conducted to explore the effects of cuticular wax content and specific leaf area (SLA) on accumulation and distribution of PAHs in different tissues of wheat leaf. Three levels (0, 1.25, 6.

Radial basis function artificial neural network able to accurately predict disinfection by-product levels in tap water: Taking haloacetic acids as a case study.

Control of risks caused by disinfection by-products (DBPs) requires pre-knowledge of their levels in drinking water. In this study, a radial basis function (RBF) artificial neural network (ANN) was proposed to predict the concentrations of haloacetic acids (HAAs, one dominant class of DBPs) in actual distribution systems. To train and verify the RBF ANN, a total of 64 samples taken from a typical region (Jinhua region) in China were characterized in terms of water characteristics (dissolved organic carbon (DOC), ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm (UVA), NO-N level, NH-N level, Br and pH), temperature and the prevalent HAAs concentrations.