Preparation of TiCl from Ilmenite Concentrates via Carbothermal Reduction and Boiling Chlorination for Different Carbon Proportions.

Low-temperature boiling chlorination is the most common approach used to achieve a clean preparation of TiCl from ilmenite concentrates with high contents of calcium and magnesium impurities. However, this process did not systematically investigate the impact of the Ti/C ratio of the raw materials on the chlorination efficiency of Ti, Ca, and Mg elements. Thus, the influence of the carbon allocation proportion on the carbothermal reduction and boiling chlorination process of ilmenite concentrates with high contents of calcium and magnesium impurities was investigated in this study.

Alginate-based functionalized, remote, light-responsive hydrogel transducer for synergistic mild photo thermoelectric stimulation for tumor therapy.

Photothermal therapy (PTT) is an effective cancer treatment that circumvents the resistance caused by chemotherapy drugs. Conventional PTT has a relatively high temperature, which is better able to kill tumor tissues, but it is also more damaging to normal tissues. Mild PTT avoids these high temperatures, but its corresponding killing ability becomes lower and enhances the heat resistance of cancer cells, causing tumor self-protection and reducing the therapeutic effect of PTT.

Circadian Rhythm-Dependent Therapy by Composite Targeted Polyphenol Nanoparticles for Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.

Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is a severe rhythmic disease with a high prevalence in the early morning. IR injury has a significant circadian rhythm in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammation levels. The development of rhythmic drugs has become a priority in myocardial IR injury.

The KLF7/PFKL/ACADL axis modulates cardiac metabolic remodelling during cardiac hypertrophy in male mice.

The main hallmark of myocardial substrate metabolism in cardiac hypertrophy or heart failure is a shift from fatty acid oxidation to greater reliance on glycolysis. However, the close correlation between glycolysis and fatty acid oxidation and underlying mechanism by which causes cardiac pathological remodelling remain unclear. We confirm that KLF7 simultaneously targets the rate-limiting enzyme of glycolysis, phosphofructokinase-1, liver, and long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, a key enzyme for fatty acid oxidation.

Hormesis Research in China Is More Prevalent than Previously Thought.

An analysis of China's domestic publications revealed that China's hormesis-related research was enormously underestimated. China's documented hormesis-related research spans at least four decades, covers a broad spectrum of research areas, and is more abundant than previously thought. These findings should be considered in historical assessments of the concept of hormesis.

Risk and molecular mechanisms for boscalid resistance in Penicillium digitatum.

The succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) fungicide boscalid is an excellent broad-spectrum fungicide but has not been registered in China to control Penicillium digitatum, the causal agent of green mold of citrus. The present study evaluated the risk and molecular mechanisms for boscalid resistance in P. digitatum.

A novel nano delivery system targeting different stages of osteoclasts.

Osteoclast (OC) abnormalities represent osteoporosis's critical mechanism (OP). OCs undergo multiple processes that range from monocytic to functional. Different drugs target OCs at different developmental stages; however, almost no Suitable drug-targeted delivery systems exist.

Sensitivity of to Six Fungicides and Characterization of Fludioxonil-Resistant Isolates in China.

is the dominant species causing anthracnose disease of peach in China. In this study, 140 isolates of were assessed for their sensitivity to six fungicides. It was found that was highly resistant to carbendazim, procymidone, and boscalid but sensitive to pyraclostrobin and prochloraz.

Sensitivity of and of Peach in China to Multiple Classes of Fungicides and Characterization of Pyraclostrobin-Resistant Isolates.

Anthracnose, mainly caused by species complex including and , is a devastating disease of peach. Chemical control has been widely used for years, but management failures have increased with the commonly used fungicides. Therefore, screening of sensitivity of spp.

Dual stimuli-responsive fungicide carrier based on hollow mesoporous silica/hydroxypropyl cellulose hybrid nanoparticles.

The controlled release of pesticides based on nanoparticle platforms has emerged as a new technology for increasing the efficiency of pesticides and for reducing environmental pollution because of their size-dependent and target-modifying properties. In the present study, pH/cellulase dual stimuli-responsive controlled-release formulations (PYR-HMS-HPC) were designed by grafting hydroxypropyl cellulose onto pyraclostrobin-loaded hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles via an ester linkage. The PYR-HMS-HPC formulations were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analyzer, transmission electron microscope and scanning electron microscope.

Phylogenetic and Haplotype Network Analyses of Species in China Based on Sequences of Multiple Loci.

is considered one of the most important causal agents of many plant diseases, with a broad host range worldwide. In this study, multiple sequences of ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region (ITS), translation elongation factor 1-α gene (), beta-tubulin gene (), calmodulin gene (), and histone-3 gene () were used for multi-locus phylogenetic analysis. For phylogenetic analysis, maximum likelihood (ML), maximum parsimony (MP), and Bayesian inferred (BI) approaches were performed to investigate relationships of with closely related species.

Regulation of fast and slow light characteristics of the add-drop ring-resonator employing an assisted ring.

We demonstrate theoretically and experimentally that the fast and slow light characteristics of the add-drop ring-resonator (ADRR) can be regulated by introducing an assisted ring. This novel geometry is named ring-assisted add-drop ring-resonator (RA-ADRR). When the assisted ring is under-coupled, the fast and slow light characteristics of through and drop ports of the RA-ADRR will be reversed, which is different from the coupled resonator induced transparency (CRIT) studied previously.

Baseline sensitivity and fungicidal action of propiconazole against Penicillium digitatum.

Green mold, caused by Penicillium digitatum, is the most important citrus postharvest disease worldwide and often causes substantial economic losses to the citrus industry. The demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicides are highly effective against a broad range of fungal pathogens, but the DMI fungicide propiconazole has not been registered yet in China for the control of citrus green mold. In this study, baseline sensitivity of P.

Hormetic Effects of Dimethachlone on Mycelial Growth and Virulence of .

Fungicide hormesis has implications for the application of fungicides to control plant diseases. We investigated the hormetic effects of the dicarboximide fungicide dimethachlone on mycelial growth and virulence of the necrotrophic plant pathogen . Dimethachlone at sublethal doses in potato dextrose agar (PDA) increased the mycelial growth of .

Pyrimethanil Sensitivity and Resistance Mechanisms in .

Pyrimethanil is an anilinopyrimidine (AP) fungicide that is highly effective in controlling green mold caused by but has not yet been registered in China to control postharvest diseases of citrus. In this study, baseline sensitivity of to pyrimethanil was established based on the effective concentrations for 50% inhibition (EC) values of 127 isolates collected from five major citrus-growing regions of China. The distribution of these EC values was unimodal but with a long right tail.

Fungicidal Actions and Resistance Mechanisms of Prochloraz to .

The demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicide prochloraz has been widely used in China to control citrus green mold, which is caused by . The 50% effective concentration (EC) values of prochloraz for 129 isolates of collected in 2017 from citrus groves of four provinces of China ranged from 0.0032 to 0.

METTL3 is essential for postnatal development of brown adipose tissue and energy expenditure in mice.

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) undergoes rapid postnatal development and then protects against cold and obesity into adulthood. However, the molecular mechanism that determines postnatal development and maturation of BAT is largely unknown. Here we show that METTL3 (a key RNA methyltransferase) expression increases significantly in interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) after birth and plays an essential role in the postnatal development and maturation of iBAT.

Stimulatory Effects of Boscalid on Virulence of Indicate Hormesis May Be Masked by Inhibitions.

Hormetic effects of fungicides on phytopathogens are of great importance for proper application of fungicides. The aim of the present study was to investigate the stimulatory effects of the fungicide boscalid on mycelial growth and virulence of the devastating plant pathogen . Boscalid in potato dextrose agar (PDA) at a dosage range from 0.

Magnetic-field tuning whispering gallery mode based on hollow microbubble resonator with Terfenol-D-fixed.

We propose a method of magnetic-field tuning whispering gallery modes (WGMs) based on a hollow microbubble resonator (HMBR) with Terfenol-D-fixed. WGMs are excited by the evanescent field from a tapered fiber coupling with an HMBR. Both ends of the HMBR are fixed with Terfenol-D and vary with different lengths of the Terfenol-D.

Stimulatory Effects of Sublethal Doses of Carbendazim on the Virulence and Sclerotial Production of .

Stimulatory effects of low doses of fungicides on the virulence of phytopathogens have profound implications for applications of fungicides. The present study demonstrated that carbendazim sprayed at 0.001 to 0.

Effects of SHAM on the Sensitivity of and to QoI Fungicides.

It is a common practice to add salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM) into artificial medium in the in vitro sensitivity assay of fungal phytopathogens to the quinone outside inhibitor (QoI) fungicides. The rationale for adding SHAM is to inhibit fungal alternative oxidase, which is presumed to be inhibited by secondary metabolites of plants. Therefore, the ideal characteristics of SHAM should be almost nontoxic to phytopathogens and have no significant effect on control efficacy of fungicides.

Stimulatory Effects of Flusilazole on Virulence of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.

Flusilazole, a member of the demethylation inhibitor fungicides, is highly efficacious for control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. To achieve judicious applications of flusilazole, its hormetic effects on virulence of S. sclerotiorum were investigated.

Hormetic Effects of Flusilazole Preconditioning on Mycelial Growth and Virulence of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.

Hormetic effects of fungicides are highly relevant to fungicide applications and management of plant-pathogenic fungi. Preconditioning (i.e.

Hormetic Effects of Carbendazim on the Virulence of Botrytis cinerea.

The ascomycete plant-pathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea infects more than 1,400 plant species worldwide. Stimulatory effects of sublethal doses of fungicides on plant pathogens are of close relevance to disease management. In the present study, stimulatory effects of carbendazim on the virulence of B.