Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Myocarditis.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized oncologic treatment, offering a novel and effective approach to personalized cancer immunotherapy. By targeting immune tolerance pathways, ICIs enhance T-cell-mediated tumor cytotoxicity. Despite their therapeutic efficacy, ICIs are associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs), including severe cardiovascular complications like myocarditis, pericarditis, and vasculitis.

Proposed resources required for a comprehensive program for CCT CHD imaging.

Background: Cardiac Computed Tomography (CCT) is increasingly used for evaluation of congenital heart disease (CHD) in patients of all ages. Pediatric and adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) surgical programs require high quality CCT imaging as part of the multimodality imaging support expected of comprehensive care centers. Despite these expectations, there are no benchmarks or defined programmatic elements specific to the performance of CCT in patients with CHD.

USP10 drives cancer stemness and enables super-competitor signalling in colorectal cancer.

The contribution of deubiquitylating enzymes (DUBs) to β-Catenin stabilization in intestinal stem cells and colorectal cancer (CRC) is poorly understood. Here, and by using an unbiassed screen, we discovered that the DUB USP10 stabilizes β-Catenin specifically in APC-truncated CRC in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic studies, including in vitro binding together with computational modelling, revealed that USP10 binding to β-Catenin is mediated via the unstructured N-terminus of USP10 and is outcompeted by intact APC, favouring β-catenin degradation.

Establishing a successful cardiovascular computed tomography service: Financial and regulatory challenges facing radiologists and cardiologists.

Cardiac imagers, radiologists or cardiologists, do not receive adequate training or preparation for the harsh realities of running imaging programs and most of the training follows graduation where they are learning on the job and from their own mistakes. There are many factors and skill sets need to help imagers to run a successful and financially independent practice that are easily not easily acquired or researched independently. The intent of this review is to provide a checklist of steps recommended to create a successful program and to give insight into the financial considerations associated with workforce, equipment, training and sustainability.

[Adrenal tumors: current standards in clinical management].

Adrenal tumors are among the most common tumors in humans. They are most frequently discovered incidentally during abdominal imaging for other reasons or due to clinical symptoms (e.g.

ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Preprocedural Planning for Left Atrial Procedures in Atrial Fibrillation.

This document summarizes the relevant literature for the selection of preprocedural imaging in three clinical scenarios in patients needing endovascular treatment or cardioversion of atrial fibrillation. These clinical scenarios include preprocedural imaging prior to radiofrequency ablation; prior to left atrial appendage occlusion; and prior to cardioversion. The appropriateness of imaging modalities as they apply to each clinical scenario is rated as usually appropriate, may be appropriate, and usually not appropriate to assist the selection of the most appropriate imaging modality in the corresponding clinical scenarios.

Immunological and microbial shifts in the aging rhesus macaque lung during nontuberculous mycobacterial infection.

Unlabelled: Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are environmentally ubiquitous organisms that predominately cause NTM pulmonary disease (NTMPD) in individuals over the age of 65. The incidence of NTMPD has increased in the U.S.

Adopting a WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control-Based Tobacco Control Law in Ethiopia: Sustained Transnational Health Advocacy and Multi-Sectoral Institutionalized Support.

Objective: The objective of this study was to document how Ethiopia adopted a WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC)-based tobacco control law.

Methods: We analyzed publicly available documents, including news media articles, advocacy reports, and government documents. We triangulated these findings by interviewing nine key stakeholders.

Prognostic role of quantitative [18F]FDG PET/CT parameters in adrenocortical carcinoma.

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the prognostic potential of baseline [F]FDG PET/CT for overall survival (OS) in patients with adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC).

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 67 treatment-naïve ACC patients with available [F]FDG PET/CT at time of initial diagnosis. Pretherapeutic PETs of primary tumors were manually segmented and quantitative parameters (maximum/mean/peak standardized uptake value (SUV), metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and tumor lesion glycolysis (TLG, defined as TV*SUV) were derived.

Exploring Theranostic Avenues in Adrenocortical Carcinoma Using Chemokine Receptor and Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen-Directed PET/CT.

We report on an adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) patient, which has exhausted previous treatment options and was scheduled for prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)- and C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4)-targeted PET/CT. We identified PSMA-avid pulmonary metastases exhibiting modest radiotracer accumulation, while chemokine receptor PET/CT provided intense uptake. This dual-tracer molecular imaging approach revealed that chemokine receptor PET appears to be more suitable in patients with advanced ACC, indicating that CXCR4-directed radioligand therapy may be considered in such patients suffering from end-stage disease.

Early Detection of Recurrence and Progress Using Serum Steroid Profiling by LC-MS/MS in Patients with Adrenocortical Carcinoma.

Serum liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) steroid profiling is used for the diagnosis of adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC). Guidelines recommend endocrine work-up in addition to radiological imaging for follow-up in ACC, but data on this topic are scarce. Patients were included in this retrospective study if pre-therapeutic hormone values, regular tumour evaluation by imaging, steroid measurements by LC-MS/MS, and details on therapies were available.

Current Evidence on Local Therapies in Advanced Adrenocortical Carcinoma.

International guidelines emphasise the role of local therapies (LT) for the treatment of advanced adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC). However, large studies are lacking in this field. Therefore, we performed a review of the literature to synthesise current evidence and develop clinical guidance.

CXCR4-directed PET/CT with [ Ga]Ga-pentixafor in solid tumors-a comprehensive analysis of imaging findings and comparison with histopathology.

Background: C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) is overexpressed in various solid cancers and can be targeted by CXCR4-directed molecular imaging. We aimed to characterize the in-vivo CXCR4 expression in patients affected with solid tumors, along with a comparison to ex-vivo findings.

Methods: A total 142 patients with 23 different histologically proven solid tumors were imaged with CXCR4-directed PET/CT using [ Ga]Ga-pentixafor (total number of scans, 152).

High Filamin a Expression in Adrenocortical Carcinomas Is Associated with a Favourable Tumour Behaviour: A European Multicentric Study.

The insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) promotes cell growth by overactivating the IGF system in an autocrine loop in adrenocortical carcinomas (ACCs). The cytoskeleton protein filamin A (FLNA) acts as a repressor of IGF2 mitogenic signalling in ACC cells. The aims of this study were to test FLNA expression by immunohistochemistry in 119 ACCs and 26 adrenocortical adenomas (ACAs) and to evaluate its relationship with clinicopathological features and outcome in ACCs.

Renal complications in chronic hypoparathyroidism - a systematic cross-sectional assessment.

Context: Although renal long-term complications are acknowledged in chronic hypoparathyroidism (HPT), standardized investigations are scarce.

Objective: To systematically investigate renal complications and their predictors in hypoparathyroid patients compared to matched individuals.

Design: Prospective observational study in 161 patients with chronic HPT.

Global taxation of electronic nicotine and non-nicotine delivery systems: a cross-country evaluation.

Background: Taxation is a key component of tobacco products' regulation given its proven effectiveness to generate revenue and achieve public health goals. The diversity of the market for e-cigarettes (electronic nicotine delivery systems and electronic non-nicotine delivery systems, ENDS/ENNDS) complicates comparative analyses per unit, thus challenging efforts to assess countries' excise tax burdens for e-cigarettes. Further complicating taxes on e-cigarettes is the necessity to balance two public health priorities: (1) deterring initiation among people who have never smoked, and (2) supporting cessation efforts among people currently smoking or who previously smoked.

Imaging Acute and Chronic Cardiac Complications of COVID-19 and after COVID-19 Vaccination.

COVID-19 is associated with acute and longer-term cardiovascular manifestations including myocardial injury, myopericarditis, stress-induced cardiomyopathy, myocardial infarction, and thromboembolic disease. Although the morbidity and mortality related to acute COVID-19 have decreased substantially, there is growing concern about the longer-term cardiovascular effects of the disease and postacute sequelae. Myocarditis has also been reported after messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA)-based COVID-19 vaccination, with the highest risk among adolescent boys and young adult men.