Intraarterial digital subtraction angiography of peripheral arteries with isotonic contrast material.

Intraarterial digital subtraction angiography (IADSA) of peripheral arteries with isotonic contrast material, which was prepared by diluting meglumine amidotrizoate (65% Angiografin), was performed in ten patients. In six, both IADSA and conventional screen-film arteriography were performed for comparison. Painless peripheral arteriography was achieved by IADSA with isotonic contrast material.

Multilocular cystic hepatocellular carcinoma.

We report an unusual case of multilocular cystic hepatocellular carcinoma. The patient was a 42-year-old woman without liver cirrhosis but who had three multicystic mass lesions in the liver. Transcatheter arterial embolization was very effective and a survival time of more than 19 months was obtained.

Sclerosing hepatic carcinoma: a report of a case treated with a transcatheter arterial embolization.

Sclerosing hepatic carcinoma (SHC) is one of the variant primary liver carcinomas and is characterized by intense fibrosis which surrounds slender cords of neoplastic cells. We report on a 53-year-old male patient with SHC describing the radiological findings and clinical course after a transcatheter arterial embolization. To our knowledge, this was only the second reported case of SHC in Japan.

Intraarterial digital subtraction portography in patients with liver tumors.

Intraarterial digital subtraction portography (IADSP) via the superior mesenteric artery was performed in 50 patients with liver tumors. In most cases IADSPs provided images as good as conventional arterial portography through the superior mesenteric artery and they produced important information as to whether patients should be treated by transcatheter arterial embolization, surgical resection or chemotherapy. IADSP helps to reduce the examination time, the number of films and contrast material used, as well as the pain suffered by patients.

Magnetic resonance of liver tumors: a preliminary report.

Early experience in magnetic resonance (MR) images of the liver tumors is reported, based on 25 cases examined by a 0.35T superconducting machine (Magnetom, Siemens) using the spin echo technique. All main liver tumors were demonstrated as high intensity areas of varying degree in the spin echo image with a TR of 1,600 msec and a TE of 70 msec.

Hepatocellular carcinoma treated by transcatheter arterial embolization: progress evaluated by computed tomography.

Computed tomography (CT) was performed after 65 transcatheter arterial embolizations (TAE) in 50 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Nonenhanced high-density areas were seen in the tumors within 3 days in 17/25 cases (though they soon disappeared) and low-density areas within 2 weeks in 62/65. Gas bubbles were seen in these areas within 2 weeks in 60% of embolizations.

Computed tomography and sonography of cavernous hemangioma of the liver.

Accuracy and limitations of computed tomography (CT) and sonography in the detection and diagnosis of cavernous hemangioma of the liver were analyzed in 39 cases. In 35 of 38 lesions examined by CT before and after bolus contrast enhancement, findings were dense contrast enhancement spreading in all directions on subsequent scans and/or density (other than capsule or septa) higher than normal hepatic parenchyma after 2 min. Lesions smaller than 1 cm were not detected.

Computed tomography of primary intrahepatic biliary malignancy.

Fifteen patients with primary intrahepatic biliary malignancy (cholangiocarcinoma in 13, biliary cystadenocarcinoma in two) were examined by computed tomography (CT). The CT features were classified into three types: (A) a well-defined round cystic mass with internal papillary projections, (B) a localized intrahepatic biliary dilatation without a definite mass lesion, and (C) miscellaneous low-density masses. Intrahepatic biliary dilatation was noted in all cases of Types A and B and half of those of Type C; dilatation of extrahepatic bile ducts occurred in 4/4, 1/3, and 0/8, respectively.

Hypertrophy of the caudate lobe of the liver demonstrated with single photon emission CT.

A case of hypertrophy of the caudate lobe of the liver is reported in which transmission CT scanning strongly suggested the presence of a liver tumor. However, single photon emission CT using Tc-99m phytate showed that there was only caudate lobe enlargement with no evidence of a space-occupying lesion. The usefulness of single photon emission CT in such situations is discussed.

Differential diagnosis of hepatic masses on computed tomography, with particular reference to hepatocellular carcinoma.

Differential diagnosis was attempted in 225 cases of hepatic masses using computed tomographic (CT) criteria. Hepatocellular carcinomas were suggested by the presence of an isodense mass, a narrow circular zone surrounding the mass, bulging of the tumor from the hepatic surface, decreased attenuation of an entire hepatic lobe, and diffuse homogeneous enhancement following bolus injection. The presence of liver cirrhosis on CT also favored the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Computed tomography of gallbladder carcinoma.

Twenty-seven gallbladder carcinomas were examined by computed tomography (CT). All patients had abnormal CT findings, suggesting a gallbladder lesion in 26. Based on the major CT findings, gallbladder cancer was classified as "massive," "thickened wall," or "intraluminal.

Dynamic CT densitometry of hepatic tumors.

Forty-two patients with hepatic tumors were examined by serial computed tomography (CT), using bolus injection of contrast medium. Scanning was at 15, 60, and 120 sec postinjection at a slice level containing the tumor. The densities of the tumor, liver, and aorta were sampled on these and on precontrast CT images.

Computed tomography of cavernous hemangioma of the liver.

Twelve cases of hepatic hemangioma were examined by computed tomography (CT). Dense accumulations of rapidly injected contrast material in or near the periphery of the lesions were demonstrated in early postcontrast scans. They invaded the area of low density and diminished in attenuation value with time.

Computed tomography and ultrasound in the diagnosis of intrahepatic calculi.

Computed tomography (CT) and ultrasound were used to evaluate intrahepatic biliary calculi in 16 patients. Thirteen demonstrated high-density shadows in dilated intrahepatic ducts on CT. Of the 11 who also underwent ultrasonography, 7 had positive findings.