Coronary computed tomography angiography-derived fat attenuation index predict future percutaneous coronary intervention.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the differences in plaque characteristics and fat attenuation index (FAI) between in patients who received revascularization versus those who did not receive revascularization and examine whether the machine learning (ML)-based model constructed by plaque characteristics and FAI can predict revascularization.

Methods: This study was a post hoc analysis of a prospective single-centre registry of sequential patients undergoing coronary computed tomography angiography, referred from inpatient and emergency department settings (n = 261, 63 years ± 8; 188 men). The primary outcome was revascularization by percutaneous coronary revascularization.

The clinical value of noninvasive left ventricular myocardial work in the diagnosis of myocardial ischemia in coronary heart disease: a comparative study with coronary flow reserve fraction.

The prompt and precise identification of hemodynamically significant coronary artery lesions remains an ongoing challenge. This study investigated the diagnostic value of non-invasive global left ventricular myocardial work indices by echocardiography in functional status of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with myocardial ischemia using fractional flow reserve (FFR) as the gold standard. A total of 77 consecutive patients with clinically suspected CAD were prospectively enrolled.

Age-dependent decrease of circulating T follicular helper cells correlates with disease severity in elderly patients with COVID-19.

Overwhelming evidence has shown that aging is a significant risk factor for COVID-19-related hospitalizations, death and other adverse health outcomes. Particular T cell subsets that susceptible to aging and associated with COVID-19 disease severity requires further elucidation. Our study recruited 57 elderly patients with acute COVID-19 and 27 convalescent donors.

Ulnar osteotomy between the proximal 1/3 and 1/5 provides a stable radiocapitellar joint in chronic Monteggia fracture.

Background: The precise location of unlar osteotomy remains a subject of ongoing controversy in chronic Monteggia fracture (CMF). The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of different levels of ulnar osteotomy on redislocation in CMF.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 18 children following our previous series.

An intranasal combination vaccine induces systemic and mucosal immunity against COVID-19 and influenza.

Despite prolonged surveillance and interventions, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and influenza viruses continue to pose a severe global health burden. Thus, we developed a chimpanzee adenovirus-based combination vaccine, AdC68-HATRBD, with dual specificity against SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus. When used as a standalone vaccine, intranasal immunization with AdC68-HATRBD induced comprehensive and potent immune responses consisting of immunoglobin (Ig) G, mucosal IgA, neutralizing antibodies, and memory T cells, which protected the mice from BA.

GPR174 knockdown enhances blood flow recovery in hindlimb ischemia mice model by upregulating AREG expression.

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are critically involved in neovascularization, an important compensatory mechanism in peripheral artery disease. The contribution of G protein coupled receptor 174 (GPR174), which is a regulator of Treg function and development, in neovascularization remains elusive. Here, we show that genetic deletion of GPR174 in Tregs potentiated blood flow recovery in mice after hindlimb ischemia.

Longitudinal Immune Profiling Highlights CD4+ T Cell Exhaustion Correlated with Liver Fibrosis in Schistosoma japonicum Infection.

Schistosomiasis remains an important public health concern. The eggs deposited in livers invoke a Th2-dominant response, which mediates the fibrotic granulomatous response. However, the mechanisms involved in this immunopathological process are still not perfectly clear.

High Uric Acid Promotes Atherosclerotic Plaque Instability by Apoptosis Targeted Autophagy.

Aims: Acute rupture or erosion of unstable atherosclerotic plaques is a major cause of adverse consequences of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, often leading to myocardial infarction or stroke. High uric acid (HUA) is associated with the increasing risk of cardiovascular events and death. However, the mechanism by which HUA promotes atherosclerosis and whether HUA affects plaque stability are still unclear.

Corrigendum: Receptor of advanced glycation end products deficiency attenuates cisplatin-induced acute nephrotoxicity by inhibiting apoptosis, inflammation and restoring fatty acid oxidation.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.

Activation of p62-NRF2 Axis Protects against Doxorubicin-Induced Ferroptosis in Cardiomyocytes: A Novel Role and Molecular Mechanism of Resveratrol.

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a most common anthracycline chemotherapeutic agent; however, its clinical efficacy is limited due to its severe and irreversible cardiotoxicity. Ferroptosis, characterized by iron overload and lipid peroxidation, plays a pivotal role in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. Resveratrol (RSV) displays cardioprotective and anticancer effects, owing to its antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties.

Hyperuricemia contributes to glucose intolerance of hepatic inflammatory macrophages and impairs the insulin signaling pathway IRS2-proteasome degradation.

Aim: Numerous reports have demonstrated the key importance of macrophage-elicited metabolic inflammation in insulin resistance (IR). Our previous studies confirmed that hyperuricemia or high uric acid (HUA) treatment induced an IR state in several peripheral tissues to promote the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the effect of HUA on glucose uptake and the insulin sensitivity of macrophages and its mechanism is unclear.

Adaptive NN Fixed-Time Fault-Tolerant Control for Uncertain Stochastic System With Deferred Output Constraint via Self-Triggered Mechanism.

For a class of nonstrict-feedback stochastic nonlinear systems with the injection and deception attacks, this article explores the problem of adaptive neural network (NN) fixed-time control ground on the self-triggered mechanism in a pioneering way. After developing the self-triggered mechanism and the delay-error-dependence function, a neural adaptive delay-constrained fault-tolerant controller is proposed by employing the backstepping technique. The self-triggered mechanism does not require an additional observer to determine the time of the data transmission, which reduces the consumption of the system resources more efficiently.

A triple-classification for differentiating renal oncocytoma from renal cell carcinoma subtypes and CK7 expression evaluation: a radiomics analysis.

Background: To investigate the value of computed tomography (CT)-based radiomics model analysis in differentiating renal oncocytoma (RO) from renal cell carcinoma subtypes (chromophobe renal cell carcinoma, clear cell carcinoma) and predicting the expression of Cytokeratin 7 (CK7).

Methods: In this retrospective study, radiomics was applied for patients with RO, chRCC and ccRCC who underwent surgery between January 2013 and December 2019 comprised the training cohort, and the testing cohort was collected between January and October 2020. The corticomedullary (CMP) and nephrographic phases (NP) were manually segmented, and radiomics texture parameters were extracted.

Receptor of Advanced Glycation End Products Deficiency Attenuates Cisplatin-Induced Acute Nephrotoxicity by Inhibiting Apoptosis, Inflammation and Restoring Fatty Acid Oxidation.

Cisplatin is a widely used and potent anti-neoplastic agent, but severe and inescapable side effects in multiple normal tissues and organs limit its application, especially nephrotoxicity. Molecular mechanisms of cisplatin nephrotoxicity involve mitochondrial damage, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation, apoptosis, necroptosis, etc. Receptor of advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a multiligand pattern recognition receptor, engaged in inflammatory signaling and mitochondrial homeostasis.

High Level of Uric Acid Promotes Atherosclerosis by Targeting NRF2-Mediated Autophagy Dysfunction and Ferroptosis.

Atherosclerotic vascular disease (ASVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Hyperuricemia is the fourth risk factor for atherosclerosis after hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. The mechanism of hyperuricemia affecting the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis has not been fully elucidated.

Community Empowerment Under Powerful Government: A Sustainable Tourism Development Path for Cultural Heritage Sites.

Community participation is the core of sustainable tourism development; however, it encounters obstacles at government-controlled heritage sites in China. This paper examines the status quo of community participation and residents' empowerment perception through 25 in-depth interviews and 168 questionnaires in the Miao ethnic heritage site of Xijiang Village in southwest China, the findings reveal that: (a) The phenomenon of disempowerment focuses on the political and economic aspects, rather than the social and psychological aspects; (b) Spatial difference affects empowerment perception; and (c) Residents desire more political and education empowerment. On this basis, the present research puts forward a comprehensive empowerment system consists of system, information, and education empowerment which contributes to the theorization of community empowerment between Chinese and Western scholars and provides an alternative path to sustainable tourism development for developing countries' cultural heritage sites.

Autophagy protects against high uric acid-induced hepatic insulin resistance.

Uric acid (UA), the end-product of purine metabolism, is closely related to hepatic insulin resistance (IR). Autophagy is a conserved intracellular degradation process maintaining cellular homeostasis. Autophagy plays a protective role in obesity-related hepatic IR, but whether it occurs in high uric acid (HUA)-induced hepatic IR is unclear.

Vespakinin-M, a natural peptide from Vespa magnifica, promotes functional recovery in stroke mice.

Acute ischemic stroke triggers complex systemic pathological responses for which the exploration of drug resources remains a challenge. Wasp venom extracted from Vespa magnifica (Smith, 1852) is most commonly used to treat rheumatoid arthritis as well as neurological disorders. Vespakinin-M (VK), a natural peptide from wasp venom, has remained largely unexplored for stroke.

Complete mitochondrial genome of the recently discovered multivoltine () Hu, Duan & Cotton, 2018 (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae).

() Hu, Duan & Cotton, 2018 is a recently discovered, wide ranging, multivoltine swordtail butterfly in China and Vietnam. The present study reports the complete mitochondrial genome of this butterfly, which is the fifth mitochondrial genome record for subgenus Moore, 1888. The mitochondrial genome of () is circular and 15,212 bp in length, and consists of 37 genes, including 13 PCGs, 22 tRNAs, and two rRNAs.

Heterologous prime-boost immunizations with chimpanzee adenoviral vectors elicit potent and protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 infection.

A safe and effective vaccine for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is urgently needed to tackle the COVID-19 global pandemic. Here, we describe the development of chimpanzee adenovirus serotypes 6 and 68 (AdC6 and AdC68) vector-based vaccine candidates expressing the full-length transmembrane spike glycoprotein. We assessed the vaccine immunogenicity, protective efficacy, and immune cell profiles using single-cell RNA sequencing in mice.

Silencing TXNIP ameliorates high uric acid-induced insulin resistance via the IRS2/AKT and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways in macrophages.

Insulin resistance (IR) promotes atherosclerosis and increases the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Our previous studies have demonstrated that high uric acid (HUA) increased oxidative stress, leading to IR in cardiomyocytes and pancreatic β cells. However, whether HUA can induce IR in monocytes/macrophages, which play critical roles in all stages of atherosclerosis, is unclear.

Acupuncture treatment of dorsal wrist ganglion: Case report.

Ganglion cysts are benign soft tissue tumors most commonly encountered in the hand. The most widely used approaches are watchful waiting, non-operative aspiration, steroid injection and surgical removal, but these are often associated with high recurrence rates and complications. We report the case of a 38-year-old female graphic designer who presented to the acupuncture outpatient department with chief complaint of an enlarging, painless lump on the left wrist for 5 months.