Long-Term Follow-up of Patients With Autonomous Thyroid Nodules Treated With Radioiodine.

Purpose: This article aims to describe the presentation of Plummer disease and its evolution after radioiodine treatment and determine factors that may influence treatment efficacy.

Patients And Methods: The sample included retrospective medical records of 165 adult patients with toxic nodular goiter treated with radioiodine between 1997 and 2017, followed up at a single thyroid center.

Results: The efficacy of treatment with a single dose of radioiodine was higher than 90%.

Chemometric Analysis for the Prediction of Biochemical Compounds in Leaves Using UV-VIS-NIR-SWIR Hyperspectroscopy.

Reflectance hyperspectroscopy is recognised for its potential to elucidate biochemical changes, thereby enhancing the understanding of plant biochemistry. This study used the UV-VIS-NIR-SWIR spectral range to identify the different biochemical constituents in Hibiscus and Geranium plants. Hyperspectral vegetation indices (HVIs), principal component analysis (PCA), and correlation matrices provided in-depth insights into spectral differences.

Simple, Fast and Efficient Methods for Analysing the Structural, Ultrastructural and Cellular Components of the Cell Wall.

Plant cell walls are a fundamental component of plant biology and play an essential role in plant growth and development. The metabolic components of the cell wall can be investigated in a fast, simple, and highly efficient manner using various and distinct microscopy techniques. Here, we report implementing a flowchart to analyse tobacco plants' structural, ultrastructural, and metabolic components supplemented with far-red light.

Anatomy and evaluation of the optic nerve head.

Evaluation of the optic disc is important for the correct diagnosis and follow-up of optic neuropathies, especially glaucoma. The characteristics of the optic disc depend on various factors, including demographic and population aspects, and analysis of these characteristics may vary according to the methods used. The size and format of the neural rim along with the nerve fiber layer are important to the clinician's judgment regarding the susceptibility of the subject to develop glaucoma.

Elucidation of the role of the lamina cribrosa in glaucoma using optical coherence tomography.

Glaucoma is a chronic and progressive optic neuropathy characterized by the death of retinal ganglion cells and corresponding visual field loss. Despite the growing number of studies on the subject, the pathogenesis of the disease remains unclear. Notwithstanding, several studies have shown that the lamina cribrosa (LC) is considered an anatomic site of glaucomatous optic nerve injury, thus having a key role in the pathophysiology of glaucoma development and progression.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Glaucoma Evaluation.

The damage caused by glaucoma has been extensively evaluated at the level of the retina and optic nerve head. Many advances have been shown in this field in the last decades. Recent studies have also proved degenerative changes in the brain involving the intracranial optic nerve, lateral geniculate nucleus, and visual cortex.

Structural and functional analyses of the optic nerve and lateral geniculate nucleus in glaucoma.

Purpose: To analyze the correlation between structural characteristics of intraorbital optic nerve (ION) and lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) measured by 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (3T MRI), and the severity of glaucomatous damage.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 41 glaucoma patients and 12 age- and sex-matched controls underwent standard automated perimetry (SAP) and frequency doubling technology (FDT) as functional evaluation; optic disc stereophotograph, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) and confocal scanning laser tomography as ocular structural evaluation; and 3T MRI. Structure-structure and structure-function correlation were performed using bootstrap resampling method for clustered data.

Relationship Between Optic Nerve Head Drusen Volume and Structural and Functional Optic Nerve Damage.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to assess the relationships between optic nerve head drusen (ONHD) volume, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and visual field (VF) loss.

Methods: Patients with ONHD and no other ocular or systemic conditions that can affect RNFL or VF were enrolled. Serial enhanced depth imaging (EDI) optical coherence tomography (OCT) B-scans of the optic nerve head (interval between scans, ~30 μm) were obtained from each participant.

In vivo analysis of glaucoma-related features within the optic nerve head using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography.

Structural differences between optic nerve head (ONH) parameters in glaucomatous and non-glaucomatous eyes has been documented, however the association between such parameters in patients with different disease stages is yet to be elucidated. We investigated the relationship between different laminar and prelaminar ONH structures using enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (EDI OCT) in a population with and without glaucoma. In this observational case-control study, we prospectively enrolled healthy individuals and glaucomatous patients with different disease stages.

Acute resistance exercise reduces increased gene expression in muscle atrophy of ovariectomised arthritic rats.

Objective: We studied the effect of resistance exercise (RE) on mRNA levels of atrogin-1, MuRF-1, and myostatin in the gastrocnemius muscle of arthritic rats after loss of ovarian function (LOF).

Material And Methods: Thirty female Wistar rats (nine weeks old, 195.3 ±17.

Muscular Strength Adaptations and Hormonal Responses After Two Different Multiple-Set Protocols of Resistance Training in Postmenopausal Women.

Nunes, PRP, Barcelos, LC, Oliveira, AA, Furlanetto, R, Martins, FM, Resende, EAMR, and Orsatti, FL. Muscular strength adaptations and hormonal responses after two different multiple-set protocols of resistance training in postmenopausal women. J Strength Cond Res 33(5): 1276-1285, 2019-We studied the effects of 2 different resistance training (RT) multiple-set protocols (3 and 6 sets) on muscle strength and basal hormones concentrations in postmenopausal women (PW).

Characteristics and variations of in vivo Schlemm's canal and collector channel microstructures in enhanced-depth imaging optical coherence tomography.

Background/aims: To characterise in vivo Schlemm's canal (SC) and collector channels (CC) microstructures using enhanced-depth imaging (EDI) optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Methods: Serial horizontal EDI OCT B-scans (81 scans, 15×5° rectangle) were prospectively obtained in the nasal and temporal limbus. SC cross-sectional area (CSA) was measured by delineating its lumen in each B-scan.

Eyes with large disc cupping and normal intraocular pressure: using optical coherence tomography to discriminate those with and without glaucoma.

We evaluated the ability of spectral-domain optic coherence tomography (SD-OCT) to differentiate large physiological optic disc cupping (LPC) from glaucomatous cupping in eyes with intraocular pressure (IOP) within the normal range. We prospectively enrolled patients with glaucoma or presumed LPC. Participants had optic discs with confirmed or suspected glaucomatous damage (defined as a vertical cup-to-disc ratio≥0.

Low-load resistance training promotes muscular adaptation regardless of vascular occlusion, load, or volume.

Purpose: This study investigates the impact of two different intensities and different volumes of low-load resistance training (LLRT) with and without blood flow restriction on the adaptation of muscle strength and size.

Methods: The sample was divided into five groups: one set of 20 % of one repetition maximum (1RM), three sets of 20 % of 1RM, one set of 50 % of 1RM, three sets of 50 % of 1RM, or control. LLRT was performed with (OC) or without (NOC) vascular occlusion, which was selected randomly for each subject.

Lamina cribrosa depth in different stages of glaucoma.

Purpose: To compare lamina cribrosa (LC) depth between normal eyes and eyes with different stages of treated glaucoma.

Methods: Serial enhanced depth imaging (EDI) optical coherence tomography (OCT) B-scans of the optic nerve head were obtained. To generate the mean LC depth for each eye, LC depths were measured in 11 equally spaced horizontal B-scans and averaged.

Analysis of neuroretinal rim distribution and vascular pattern in eyes with presumed large physiological cupping: a comparative study.

Background: To investigate possible differences in neuroretinal rim distribution, vascular pattern, and peripapillary region appearance between eyes with presumed large physiological optic disc cupping (pLPC) and eyes with minimal optic disc excavation.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled consecutive subjects with pLPC and individuals with minimal excavation (optic disc excavation within normal limits; control group). All eyes had normal visual fields and untreated intraocular pressure (IOP) <21 mmHg.

A new index to monitor central visual field progression in glaucoma.

Purpose: The visual field index (VFI) summarizes global visual field (VF) data and was developed to monitor glaucoma progression using 24-2 and 30-2 strategies. We applied similar principles and statistical procedures to develop a new parameter, the central field index (CFI), to monitor 10-2 VF progression.

Design: Retrospective cohort.

Risk factors for optic disc hemorrhage in the low-pressure glaucoma treatment study.

Purpose: To investigate risk factors for disc hemorrhage detection in the Low-Pressure Glaucoma Treatment Study.

Design: Cohort of a randomized, double-masked, multicenter clinical trial.

Methods: Low-Pressure Glaucoma Treatment Study patients with at least 16 months of follow-up were included.

Defining 10-2 visual field progression criteria: exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis using pointwise linear regression.

Purpose: To test different visual field progression criteria using trend analysis in a glaucoma population followed with long sequences of 10-2 tests as a first attempt to understand and document rates of progression in the central field.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Participants: We included 146 eyes of 146 patients with established glaucoma.

Posterior displacement of the lamina cribrosa in glaucoma: in vivo interindividual and intereye comparisons.

Purpose: We assessed in vivo lamina cribrosa (LC) position within the optic nerve head in glaucoma.

Methods: For interindividual comparison, glaucoma patients at various stages and normal subjects were recruited. For intraindividual, intereye comparison, glaucoma patients with visual field (VF) defects in only one eye were recruited separately.

Parafoveal scotoma progression in glaucoma: humphrey 10-2 versus 24-2 visual field analysis.

Objective: To compare the performance of 10-2 versus 24-2 visual fields (VFs) in detecting progression of initial parafoveal scotoma (IPFS) in glaucomatous eyes.

Design: Retrospective, observational study.

Participants: Glaucoma patients with the following criteria: (1) an IPFS (≥ 3 adjacent points with P<0.

Lithium as an adjuvant in the postoperative ablation of remnant tissue in low-risk thyroid carcinoma.

Background: Thyroid remnant ablation (RA) with 30 mCi of radioactive iodine (131I) in patients thyroidectomized for treatment of low-risk differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) has a success rate of 64% to 84%. Lithium increases the residence time of 131I in the thyroid tissue. The aim of this study was to determine if lithium treatment added to 30 mCi 131I would enhance the success rate of this treatment compared with 30 mCi 131I alone in patients who were thyroidectomized for treatment of low-risk DTC.

Low estradiol concentrations in men with subnormal testosterone concentrations and type 2 diabetes.

Objective: It has been suggested that the high prevalence of subnormal free testosterone concentrations, along with low or inappropriately normal gonadotropins in men with type 2 diabetes, may be the result of an increase in plasma estradiol concentrations secondary to an increase in aromatase activity in the adipose tissue that leads to the suppression of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal-gonadal axis.

Research Design And Methods: To investigate this hypothesis, plasma estradiol, testosterone, leutinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) concentrations were measured in fasting blood samples of 240 men with type 2 diabetes. Free estradiol concentrations were either calculated (n = 198) using total estradiol and SHBG measured by immunoassay or directly measured by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and equilibrium dialysis (n = 102).

[Evaluation of clinical, laboratorial and ultrasonographic predicting factors of malignancy in thyroid nodules].

Objective: To evaluate the risk of malignancy in thyroid nodules through clinical, laboratory, ultrasonographic and cytological aspects.

Patients And Methods: 741 nodules of 407 patients.

Results: The cytology was benign (60,5%), indeterminate (23,3%), malignant (8,3%) or nondiagnostic (7,6%).

Enhanced cortisol response to stress in children in autism.

Children with Autism often show difficulties in adapting to change. Previous studies of cortisol, a neurobiologic stress hormone reflecting hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity, in children with autism have demonstrated variable results. This study measured cortisol levels in children with and without Autism: (1) at rest; (2) in a novel environment; and (3) in response to a blood draw stressor.