Impact of histone deacetylase 1 and metastasis-associated gene 1 expression in esophageal carcinogenesis.

Animal models are important for the development of novel therapies for esophageal cancer. Histone deacetylase 1 ()/metastasis-associated gene () complexes inhibit p53 acetylation and thus, inhibit p53-induced apoptosis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate HDAC1 and MTA1 expression in esophageal carcinogenesis in rats.

Impact of inflammation-metaplasia-adenocarcinoma sequence and inflammatory microenvironment in esophageal carcinogenesis using surgical rat models.

Background And Aims: Chronic inflammation has been demonstrated to correlate with tumor onset and progression. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play an important role in inflammatory tumor microenvironment. We hypothesized that an inflammatory microenvironment around TAMs may promote the development of esophageal carcinomas when induced by duodenal content reflux without carcinogens.

Impact of inflammation-metaplasia-adenocarcinoma sequence and prevention in surgical rat models.

The incidence of esophageal cancer continues to rise in the Western world. Prior studies have suggested that gastroduodenal content reflux from gastroesophageal reflux disease induces the inflammation-mediated progression from hyperplasia to metaplasia, and to adenocarcinoma. We further investigated the sequential development of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EADC) with the use of an established surgical rat model.

Do proton pump inhibitors protect against cancer progression in GERD?

Gastro-duodenal content reflux from gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) induces the inflammation-metaplasia-dysplasia-adenocarcinoma sequence. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are potent blockers of gastric acid secretion, which are widely used for treating GERD and peptic ulcer-associated acid-secreting diseases. The effect of PPI therapy on esophageal carcinogenesis remains unclear.

The severity of duodeno-esophageal reflux influences the development of different histological types of esophageal cancer in a rat model.

The mechanism through which each histological type of carcinoma arises from the esophageal mucosa remains unknown. This study was designed to investigate whether there is an association between the severity of duodeno-esophageal reflux and the histological type of esophageal cancer. A series of 120 male Fischer rats, weighing ∼180 g, were randomized to receive one of the following procedures: duodeno-forestomach reflux (DFR) with reduced exposure to duodenal contents, duodeno-esophageal reflux (DER) with increased exposure to duodenal contents and three control operations (DFR, DER control and sham).

Automated noninvasive classification of renal cancer on multiphase CT.

Purpose: To explore the added value of the shape of renal lesions for classifying renal neoplasms. To investigate the potential of computer-aided analysis of contrast-enhanced computed-tomography (CT) to quantify and classify renal lesions.

Methods: A computer-aided clinical tool based on adaptive level sets was employed to analyze 125 renal lesions from contrast-enhanced abdominal CT studies of 43 patients.

Rabeprazole impedes the development of reflux-induced esophageal cancer in a surgical rat model.

Background: The role of proton pump inhibitors in Barrett's metaplasia and esophageal adenocarcinoma has been an area of controversy.

Aims: We evaluated the effectiveness of the proton pump inhibitor rabeprazole as a chemoprevention agent in a surgical rat reflux model of esophageal cancer.

Methods: The rat reflux model was created by performing a jejuno-esophagostomy on Sprague-Dawley rats.

Automated segmentation and quantification of liver and spleen from CT images using normalized probabilistic atlases and enhancement estimation.

Purpose: To investigate the potential of the normalized probabilistic atlases and computer-aided medical image analysis to automatically segment and quantify livers and spleens for extracting imaging biomarkers (volume and height).

Methods: A clinical tool was developed to segment livers and spleen from 257 abdominal contrast-enhanced CT studies. There were 51 normal livers, 44 normal spleens, 128 splenomegaly, 59 hepatomegaly, and 23 partial hepatectomy cases.

Computer-aided renal cancer quantification and classification from contrast-enhanced CT via histograms of curvature-related features.

In clinical practice, renal cancer diagnosis is performed by manual quantifications of tumor size and enhancement, which are time consuming and show high variability. We propose a computer-assisted clinical tool to assess and classify renal tumors in contrast-enhanced CT for the management and classification of kidney tumors. The quantification of lesions used level-sets and a statistical refinement step to adapt to the shape of the lesions.

Vaccine impedes the development of reflux-induced esophageal cancer in a surgical rat model: efficacy of the vaccine in a post-Barrett's esophagus setting.

Purpose: We developed and evaluated a GM-CSF whole-cell tumor vaccine for esophageal cancer.

Experimental Design: Cell lines derived from surgically induced rat reflux esophageal tumors were passaged in vitro and transfected with GM-CSF. First, the GM-CSF whole cell vaccine was evaluated against subcutaneously transplanted esophageal tumor cells.

Vaccine impedes the development of reflux-induced esophageal cancer in a surgical rat model: efficacy of the vaccine in a Pre-Barrett's esophagus setting.

Background & Aims: We developed a granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) tumor vaccine for esophageal cancer. We evaluated the effectiveness of the vaccine as a prevention option in a surgical reflux rat model of esophageal cancer.

Methods: A surgical model involving a jejuno-esophagostomy was used to create Barrett's esophagus and esophageal cancer in rats.