Genome-wide profiling of polymorphic short tandem repeats and their influence on gene expression and trait variation in diverse rice populations.

Short tandem repeats (STRs) modulate gene expression and contribute to trait variation. However, a systematic evaluation of the genomic characteristics of STRs has not been conducted, and their influence on gene expression in rice remains unclear. Here, we construct a map of 137,629 polymorphic STRs in the rice (Oryza sativa L.

SuperDecode: an integrated toolkit for analyzing mutations induced by genome editing.

Genome editing using CRISPR/Cas or other systems has become a cornerstone of numerous biological and applied research fields. However, detecting the resulting mutations by analysis of sequencing data remains time-consuming and inefficient. In response to this issue, we designed SuperDecode, an integrated software toolkit for analyzing editing outcomes using a range of sequencing strategies.

Assessment of heavy metal pollution in sediments from the urban section of Yihe River, Linyi City, China.

The Yihe River is the largest mountain torrent river in Shandong Province, which plays an important role in flood control, irrigation and climate regulation. Due to the impacts of the upstream and urban domestic sewage, as well as industrial and agricultural wastewater, the Linyi City section of the Yihe River is expected to have a high risk of metal pollution. Sediments are the main reservoir and potential release source of metals (metalloid) in river systems.

Hydrochemical characterization and comprehensive water quality assessment of groundwater within the main stream area of Yishu River.

To gain a comprehensive understanding of the hydrochemical characteristics, controlling factors, and water quality of groundwater in the main stream area of Yishu River (MSYR), a study was conducted using water quality data collected during both the dry and wet seasons. Through statistical analysis, hydrochemical methods, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, and health risk evaluation modeling, the water chemical characteristics of the main stream area of Yishu River were studied, and the water quality of the area was comprehensively evaluated. The findings indicate that HCO and Ca are the predominant anions and cations in the MSYR during the dry and wet seasons, respectively.

Dominance complementation of parental heading date alleles of Hd1, Ghd7, DTH8, and PRR37 confers transgressive late maturation in hybrid rice.

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a short-day plant whose heading date is largely determined by photoperiod sensitivity (PS). Many parental lines used in hybrid rice breeding have weak PS, but their F progenies have strong PS and exhibit an undesirable transgressive late-maturing phenotype.

Effects of the core heading date genes Hd1, Ghd7, DTH8, and PRR37 on yield-related traits in rice.

We clarify the influence of the genotypes of the heading date genes Hd1, Ghd7, DTH8, and PRR37 and their combinations on yield-related traits and the functional differences between different haplotypes. Heading date is a key agronomic trait in rice (Oryza sativa L.) that determines yield and adaptability to different latitudes.

BEtarget: A versatile web-based tool to design guide RNAs for base editing in plants.

CRISPR-dependent base editors enable direct nucleotide conversion without the introduction of double-strand DNA break or donor DNA template, thus expanding the CRISPR toolbox for genetic manipulation. However, designing guide RNAs (gRNAs) for base editors to enable gene correction or inactivation is more complicated than using the CRISPR system for gene disruption. Here, we present a user-friendly web tool named BEtarget dedicated to the design of gRNA for base editing.

Rice OsUBR7 modulates plant height by regulating histone H2B monoubiquitination and cell proliferation.

Plant height is an important agronomic trait for lodging resistance and yield. Here, we report a new plant-height-related gene, OsUBR7 in rice (Oryza sativa L.); knockout of OsUBR7 caused fewer cells in internodes, resulting in a semi-dwarf phenotype.

Comparative Transcriptomics and Metabolites Analysis of Two Closely Related Species Reveal Environmental Adaptation Mechanism and Active Ingredients Difference.

Roots of and are recorded as the source plant of traditional Chinese medicine "Langdu," containing active ingredients with anticancer and anti-AIDS activity. However, the two species have specific patterns in the graphic distribution. Compared with distributes in higher latitude and lower temperature areas and might have experienced cold stress adaptation.

Recent advancements to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of antiepileptic drugs.

Epilepsy is a multifactorial neurological disorder characterized by recurrent or unprovoked seizures. Over the past two decades, many new antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) were developed and are in use for the treatment of epilepsy. However, drug resistance, drug-drug interaction and adverse events are common problems associated with AEDs.

[Cloning and expression analysis of 5-phosphomevalonate kinase gene (CcPMK) in Cinnamomum camphora].

The 5-phosphomevalonate kinase(PMK) is a key enzyme in mevalonate(MVA) pathway which reversibly catalyzes the phosphorylation of mevalonate 5-phosphate(MVAP) to form mevalonate-5-diphosphate(MVAPP) in the presence of ATP and divalent metal ion such as Mg~(2+). In this research, on the basis of the transciptome database of Cinnamomum camphora, the PMK was cloned by cDNA from C. camphora, and was named CcPMK(GenBank number KU886266).

Anesthesia enhances spontaneous low-frequency oscillations in the brain.

The neurophysiological basis of spontaneous low-frequency brain activity has become a major theme in the study of neural function in both humans and animal models. In such studies, the anesthesia model was generally adopted. However, the effects of anesthesia on spontaneous activity remain unclear.

Connection Mechanism of Molten Pool during Laser Transmission Welding of T-Joint with Minor Gap Presence.

Laser welding of T-joint transmitting from the face plate to the core is commonly used in the sandwich structure preparation. Minor gaps between the face and the core plate are inevitably present after several beads on the sandwich structure welding due to the thermal deformation. The effects of gap presence on fluid flow from the face to the core plate are rather significant, where the gas can be easily entrapped into the pool and form the pores.

On-Chip Magnetic Bead Manipulation and Detection Using a Magnetoresistive Sensor-Based Micro-Chip: Design Considerations and Experimental Characterization.

The remarkable advantages micro-chip platforms offer over cumbersome, time-consuming equipment currently in use for bio-analysis are well documented. In this research, a micro-chip that includes a unique magnetic actuator (MA) for the manipulation of superparamagnetic beads (SPBs), and a magnetoresistive sensor for the detection of SPBs is presented. A design methodology, which takes into account the magnetic volume of SPBs, diffusion and heat transfer phenomena, is presented with the aid of numerical analysis to optimize the parameters of the MA.

An efficient biosensor made of an electromagnetic trap and a magneto-resistive sensor.

Magneto-resistive biosensors have been found to be useful because of their high sensitivity, low cost, small size, and direct electrical output. They use super-paramagnetic beads to label a biological target and detect it via sensing the stray field. In this paper, we report a new setup for magnetic biosensors, replacing the conventional "sandwich" concept with an electromagnetic trap.

Suppression of transverse stimulated Raman scattering with laser-induced damage array in a large-aperture potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystal.

A laser-induced damage array composed of numerous pinpoints is generated in a large-aperture KDP crystal to suppress the transverse stimulated Raman scattering (TSRS). The 36 cm × 8.5 mm × 7 mm damage array is used to block the propagation of the TSRS photons within the crystal and decrease the TSRS gain length.

Self-polarization smoothing technique based on 2×2 beam array and type II+II third-harmonic generation system.

Polarization smoothing (PS) is highly desired for inertial confinement fusion, high-power laser facilities. A self-PS technique based on 2×2 beam array and type II+II third-harmonic generation (THG) system is proposed in this paper. This scheme takes advantage of a type II+II THG system, which induces a 35° angle between the polarization states of output third-harmonic laser and input fundamental laser.

Epidermal growth factor receptor expression in acute myelogenous leukaemia is associated with clinical prognosis.

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family belongs to type I receptor tyrosine kinases. Overexpression or mutation of EGFR/ErbB1 gene has been detected in a large number of human solid tumours. According to some previous report, this gene is not expressed in hematological malignancies.

Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells mitigate chemotherapy-associated tissue injury in a pre-clinical mouse model.

Background Aims: Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) have been shown to be a promising candidate for tissue regeneration and cancer therapy. However, their therapeutic potential against chemotherapy-induced side-effects remains unclear.

Methods: We treated murine Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) and xenograft human colon tumors with adriamycin (ADM) for 3 consecutive days followed by one intravenous (i.

Suppression of FM-to-AM conversion in third-harmonic generation at the retracing point of a crystal.

FM-to-AM conversion can cause many negative effects (e.g., reducing of margin against damage to the optics) on the performance of a third-harmonic conversion system.