Questionnaire-based scoring system for screening moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in middle-aged Japanese workers.

Objectives: Currently available questionnaires have limited ability to measure physical activity (PA) using accelerometers as a gold standard. This study aimed to develop a PA questionnaire for middle-aged Japanese workers and propose a PA scoring system for predicting low moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA).

Methods: A total of 428 participants (median age 49 years; 75.

A case of sigmoid colon perforation due to segmental absence of intestinal musculature (SAIM) accompanied by vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: a case report.

Background: Segmental absence of intestinal musculature (SAIM) is a partial defect of the intrinsic muscular layer of the intestinal tract. In this report, we describe a case of perforation of the sigmoid colon due to SAIM accompanied by vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (vEDS), which was successfully treated by surgical therapy.

Case Presentation: A male in his 30 s was being followed up for vEDS diagnosed by genetic testing.

Synthesis and properties of PNA containing a dicationic nucleobase based on N-benzoylated cytosine.

We report the synthesis of a peptide nucleic acid (PNA) monomer containing N-bis(aminomethyl)benzoylated cytosine (C base). The C monomer was incorporated into PNA oligomers using Fmoc-based solid-phase synthesis. The C base in PNA had two positive charges and exhibited greater affinity for DNA G base than the natural C base.

Effect of cerebrospinal fluid drainage pressure in descending and thoracoabdominal aortic repair: a prospective multicenter observational study.

Purpose: Cerebrospinal fluid drainage (CSFD) is recommended during open or endovascular thoracic aortic repair. However, the incidence of CSFD complications is still high. Recently, CSF pressure has been kept high to avoid complications, but the efficacy of CSFD at higher pressures has not been confirmed.

Factors Associated With Changes in Objectively Measured Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity in Patients After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: This study aimed to clarify factors affecting changes in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in patients 1 to 3 months after undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods: In this prospective cohort study, we enrolled patients aged <75 years who underwent PCI. MVPA was objectively measured using an accelerometer at 1 and 3 months after hospital discharge.

A Novel Method to Suppress the Effect of Subdiaphragmatic Activity in Tc Myocardial Perfusion SPECT and Evaluation of Its Usefulness Using a Myocardial Phantom.

: Smoothing in Tc myocardial perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) often increases myocardial artifacts due to subdiaphragmatic activity near the heart. To reduce these artifacts, we developed a new process flow, masking on unsmoothed images (MUS), that includes the extraction of the myocardium by masking before smoothing. : This study evaluated the relationships between matrix sizes and distances to the subdiaphragmatic activity using the MUS method compared to conventional methods using a combination of image reconstruction methods (filtered back-projection [FBP] and ordered subset expectation maximization [OSEM]) with or without corrections (attenuation [AC], scatter [SC], and resolution recovery [RR]) using a myocardial phantom.

Effects of Machine Washing on the Chromatography Parameters of Polyester Fiber Gel Permeation.

Fiber examination is frequently performed in forensics, and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) is one candidate method for discriminating polyester fibers. Here, the effects of machine washing on weight-average molecular weight ( ), polydispersity index (PDI), and the percentage peak area of cyclic ethylene terephthalate trimer (PPAL) of commercial polyester shirts and manufactured poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) yarns were investigated using GPC. GPC was performed using a 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-propan-2-ol polymer solubilizer, styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer GPC columns, a chloroform mobile phase, and a 254 nm absorbance monitor.

Clinical Outcomes of Total Hip Arthroplasty With the Anterolateral Modified Watson-Jones Approach for Displaced Femoral Neck Fractures.

Objective: In recent years, many studies have reported good results with total hip arthroplasty (THA) for displaced femoral neck fractures (FNFs). However, no study has reported the clinical outcomes of the anterolateral modified Watson-Jones THA (MWJ-THA) for displaced FNFs. This study aimed to investigate the clinical results of THA for displaced FNFs at our hospital and to discuss the advantages of MWJ-THA over THA with other approaches for displaced FNFs.

Atropodiastereoselective 5-Acylation of 1,5-Benzodiazepin-2-ones with ()-2-Phenylpropanoyl and ()-2-Phenylbutanoyl Chlorides.

5-Acylation of 1-methyl-1,5-benzodiazepin-2-ones with ()-2-phenylpropanoyl and ()-2-phenylbutanoyl chlorides afforded the (a,a,)-atropisomer () diastereoselectively over the (a,a,)-isomer () in the ratio of 1:0.06-0.15.

Identifying neurocognitive disorder using vector representation of free conversation.

In recent years, studies on the use of natural language processing (NLP) approaches to identify dementia have been reported. Most of these studies used picture description tasks or other similar tasks to encourage spontaneous speech, but the use of free conversation without requiring a task might be easier to perform in a clinical setting. Moreover, free conversation is unlikely to induce a learning effect.

National survey on the secondary preventive measures for coronary artery disease among interventional cardiologists: a report from the Japanese Association of Cardiovascular Intervention and Therapeutics.

Insights from recent clinical trial testing revascularization strategies have interested interventional cardiologists in optimal medical therapy and secondary prevention modalities. As no large-scale survey has been recently conducted, this report presents the results of a nationwide survey on interventionists' concerns regarding secondary prevention after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and discusses medical support system needs in Japan. A questionnaire to assess the status and challenges of secondary prevention interventions by interventional cardiologists during outpatient visits was supplied to Cardiovascular Interventional Technology (CVIT)-certificated hospitals.

Use of 6-mm Short Implants in Japanese Patients: Clinical, Radiologic, and Patient Satisfaction Results in a Retrospective Study with a 2-Year Follow-up.

Implant therapy for tooth loss in the molar area is challenging due to the anatomical limitations, requiring bone augmentation procedures that are associated with high surgical complexity and long postsurgical recovery. Recently, many studies have demonstrated the usefulness of short implants. However, few studies have been performed in Japanese patients to evaluate peri-implant bone changes, changes in peri-implant epithelial tissue, and patient satisfaction.

Evaluation of [F]PI-2620, a second-generation selective tau tracer, for assessing four-repeat tauopathies.

Tau aggregates represent a key pathologic feature of Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases. Recently, PET probes have been developed for detection of tau accumulation; however, they are limited because of off-target binding and a reduced ability to detect tau in non-Alzheimer's disease tauopathies. The novel tau PET tracer, [F]PI-2620, has a high binding affinity and specificity for aggregated tau; therefore, it was hypothesized to have desirable properties for the visualization of tau accumulation in Alzheimer's disease and non-Alzheimer's disease tauopathies.

Extended robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy and extended pelvic lymph node dissection as a monotherapy in patients with very high-risk prostate cancer Patients.

Background: Patients with very-high-risk prostate cancer (VHRPCa) have earlier biochemical recurrences (BCRs) and higher mortality rates. It remains unknown whether extended robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (eRALP) without neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy can improve the outcomes of VHRPCa patients. We aimed to determine the feasibility and efficacy of eRALP as a form of monotherapy for VHRPCa.

Sequential immune-targeted surgical therapy resulted in disease-free survival in a case with advanced renal cell carcinoma.

Background: Currently, immunotherapy is indicated for patients with metastatic RCC or unresectable RCC, but there is no indication for immunotherapy in the neoadjuvant setting. We report a case in which the combined use of nivolumab and ipilimumab and sequential TKI therapy enabled surgical treatment.

Case Presentation: A 71-year-old female was diagnosed with a metastatic clear-cell renal cell carcinoma with a level IV tumor thrombus.

Prone Position Impairs Oxygen Supply-Demand Balance During Systemic Hypoxia in Rabbits.

Ventilation in the prone position improves the prognosis of patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Contraindications to ventilation in this position include unstable systemic circulation. Only a few reports exist on the effects of prone ventilation in respiratory failure on systemic circulation.

A low RENAL Nephrometry Score can avoid the need for the intraoperative insertion of a ureteral catheter in robot-assisted partial nephrectomy.

Background: Intraoperative urinary collecting system entry (CSE) in robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) may cause postoperative urinary leakage and extend the hospitalization. Therefore, identifying and firmly closing the entry sites are important for preventing postoperative urine leakage. In RAPN cases expected to require CSE, we insert a ureteral catheter and inject dye into the renal pelvis to identify the entry sites.

Marathoners' Breathing Pattern Protects Against Lung Injury by Mechanical Ventilation: An Ex Vivo Study Using Rabbit Lungs.

Background: Breathing during a marathon is often empirically conducted in a so-called "2:2 breathing rhythm," which is based on a four-phase cycle, consisting of the 1st and 2nd inspiratory and the 1st and 2nd expiratory phases. We developed a prototype ventilator that can perform intermittent positive pressure ventilation, mimicking the breathing cycle of the 2:2 breathing rhythm. This mode of ventilation was named the marathoners' breathing rhythm ventilation (MBV).

Cerebrospinal fluid drainage to prevent postoperative spinal cord injury in thoracic aortic repair.

Background: Cerebrospinal fluid drainage (CSFD) is recommended as a spinal cord protective strategy in open and endovascular thoracic aortic repair. Although small studies support the use of CSFD, systematic reviews have not suggested definite conclusion and a large-scale study is needed. Therefore, we reviewed medical records of patients who had undergone descending and thoracoabdominal aortic repair (both open and endovascular repair) at multiple institutions to assess the association between CSFD and postoperative motor deficits.

The project for objective measures using computational psychiatry technology (PROMPT): Rationale, design, and methodology.

Introduction: Depressive and neurocognitive disorders are debilitating conditions that account for the leading causes of years lived with disability worldwide. However, there are no biomarkers that are objective or easy-to-obtain in daily clinical practice, which leads to difficulties in assessing treatment response and developing new drugs. New technology allows quantification of features that clinicians perceive as reflective of disorder severity, such as facial expressions, phonic/speech information, body motion, daily activity, and sleep.

Does the Combination of the Cognitive Interventions Improve the Function of Daily Living and Save the Long-Term Care Cost? A Pilot Study of Effectiveness and Cost Saving Analysis of "Learning Therapy" for People with Dementia.

Background: Although the effects of various types of cognitive interventions have been evaluated, effectiveness and cost-saving effect of the combination of the different cognitive interventions is unknown.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of conducting a definitive trial to assess the effectiveness of combined cognitive intervention.

Methods: A matched controlled trial of learning therapy (LT), a combination of cognitive training and stimulation, was conducted.

Disclosure of Amyloid Status for Risk of Alzheimer Disease to Cognitively Normal Research Participants With Subjective Cognitive Decline: A Longitudinal Study.

This study aimed to investigate the long-term impacts of disclosing amyloid status for a risk of Alzheimer disease (AD) to cognitively normal research participants with subjective cognitive decline (SCD), which represents an initial manifestation of AD. Forty-two participants were classified as the amyloid-positive ( = 10) or amyloid-negative ( = 32) groups. We assessed symptoms of anxiety, depression, and test-related distress at 6, 24, and 52 weeks after results disclosure.

Elucidation of the Active Conformation of Antiproliferative Sulfonamides, 5-Arylsulfonyl-1,5-benzodiazepin-2-ones.

The 5-arylsulfonyl-1,5-benzodiazepin-2-ones with antiproliferative activity were prepared and successfully separated into the (a,a)- and (a,a)-atropisomers with extraordinary stability (Δ = ∼130 kJ/mol) by freezing the conformation around the sp-sp axis in an Ar-N(SO) moiety with a C6-methyl group. Also, by introducing a C3-methyl group (central chirality) into the 1,5-benzodiazepine nucleus, the stereochemistry at the axis was biased to take solely one diastereomer with a relative stereochemistry of (a*,a*,3*). The (a) stereochemistry was crucial for exerting the antiproliferative activity.