Factors associated with uncontrolled severe asthma in the biologic era.

Background: Despite the development of biologics for severe asthma, individuals with uncontrolled status persist, posing a significant social problem. This multicenter prospective study aimed to identify factors associated with the uncontrolled status of patients with severe asthma in the biologic era assessed using the Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ).

Methods: Subjects with severe asthma diagnosed by respiratory specialists were enrolled from 11 hospitals.

Conventional type 2 lung dendritic cells are potent inducers of follicular helper T cells in the asthmatic lung.

Background: Follicular helper T (Tfh) cells represent a unique subset of helper CD4 T cells in lymphoid follicles. Recently, Tfh cells were shown to play an important role in asthma through B cell differentiation. Conventional lung DCs are classified into two major subsets: conventional type 1 (cDC1) and type 2 (cDC2).

Endobronchial mucosal nodular lesions in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.

Bronchoscopic findings often show mucoid impaction in patients with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA); however, endobronchial mucosal nodular lesions have not been reported. We herein present the first such case of a 52-year-old woman with ABPA with endobronchial mucosal nodular lesions. The endobronchial lesions were located in the orifice of the mucoid impaction, and disappeared after 4 weeks of treatment with prednisolone and itraconazole.

Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia in a Patient with Breast Cancer Receiving Neoadjuvant Dose-dense Chemotherapy.

We herein report a 38-year-old woman with breast cancer who developed Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) during neoadjuvant dose-dense chemotherapy combined with dexamethasone as antiemetic therapy. Chest computed tomography showed bilateral ground-glass opacities and consolidation. The serum β-D-glucan levels were elevated, and P.

Endobronchial Small-cell Lung Cancer with Intraluminal Growth Pattern Showing "Finger-in-glove" Appearance.

Invasion of the endobronchial mucosa by cancer cells is frequently seen in small cell lung cancer (SCLC), but an intraluminal polypoid growth pattern is extremely rare. We herein describe the case of a 69-year-old woman with limited-stage SCLC who had a pedunculated mass in the orifice of the right upper bronchus. Thin-section CT of the lung showed an endobronchial protruding mass accompanied by tubular and branching opacities (the so-called finger-in-glove sign) in the right upper lobe bronchus, which were enhanced by contrast media.

Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis may cause eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis via allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.

An 84-year-old man visited our hospital with a prolonged productive cough. Chest computed tomography showed a thick wall cavity and bilateral consolidations. Laboratory findings revealed peripheral blood eosinophilia, increased total IgE and elevated myeloperoxidase anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody.

Complete Genome Sequence of the Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strain JMUB3031, Isolated from a Patient with Fatal Community-Acquired Pneumonia.

Severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is relatively rare and is usually associated with rapid progression to death. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of the MRSA strain JMUB3031, which was isolated from a patient with fatal CAP.

Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage caused by exposure to organic dust.

Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage, a life-threatening disease, can complicate various conditions. We herein describe, for the first time, a patient with diffuse alveolar hemorrhage caused by exposure to organic dust. A 49-year-old woman who worked as a cantaloupe farmer in a greenhouse was referred to our hospital for sudden onset of dyspnea 3 h after exposure to organic dust.

An autopsy case of malignant pleural mesothelioma associated with nephrotic syndrome.

A 64-year-old man who had been exposed to asbestos was referred to our hospital for a detailed examination of left pleural effusion. A laboratory examination of the urine and blood revealed nephrotic syndrome. A thoracoscopic examination did not yield a definitive diagnosis.