Textures vs Non-Textures: A Simple Computational Method for Classifying Perceived 'Texturality' in Natural Images.

The visual system represents textural image regions as simple statistics that are useful for the rapid perception of scenes and surfaces. What images 'textures' are, however, has so far mostly been subjectively defined. The present study investigated the empirical conditions under which natural images are processed as texture.

(Z)-Selective Enol Triflation of α-Alkoxyacetoaldehydes: Application to Synthesis of (Z)-Allylic Alcohols via Cross-Coupling Reaction and [1,2]-Wittig Rearrangement.

The stereoselective transformation of α-alkoxyacetoaldehydes to the corresponding (Z)-vinyl triflates was achieved by treatment with phenyl triflimide and DBU. The stereochemistry was explained by the "syn-effect," which was attributed primarily to an σ → π* interaction. The β-alkoxy vinyl triflates obtained were applied to the stereoselective synthesis of structurally diverse (Z)-allylic alcohols via transition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction and [1,2]-Wittig rearrangement.