Carbon nanoparticle-entrapped macroporous MnO microsphere anodes with improved cycling stability for Li-ion batteries.

Manganese oxide (MnO) has garnered substantial attention as a low-cost, environment-friendly anode material. It undergoes a conversion reaction involving the formation of LiO and metallic Mn to provide high-energy Li-ion batteries. However, its low electrical conductivity and significant volume change reduce its capacity during the initial lithiation/delithiation, hindering its practical application.