Positive and negative hydrogen ion reflections of low-energy atomic and molecular hydrogen ion beam from HOPG and Mo surfaces.

Positive and negative hydrogen ion reflections from surfaces by injecting singly charged hydrogen ion beams show a clear difference between atomic and molecular ion injections at low energy and grazing incidence. The intensity ratio of reflected negative to positive ions H/H increased as the incident beam energy per nucleon decreased only when molecular ion beams are injected. It implies that negative ions are more produced upon beam-surface interaction when molecules are injected.

Hydrogen ion beam transport in an energy range lower than 50 eV: Ion beam species.

Low energy beam transport in the energy range below 50 eV is studied using a compact ion source with a high temperature tungsten cathode that can be put into a vacuum system. A 2.6 cm diameter, 5.

A compact electron cyclotron resonance negative hydrogen ion source for evaluation of plasma electrode materials.

A compact ion source that produces hydrogen plasma with an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) configuration combined with a 2-stage extraction system with a single aperture of 6 mm diameter has been designed and built to study the performance of different materials as the plasma electrode (PE) of a negative hydrogen ion source. The source has the capability to electrically bias the PE with respect to the ECR plasma. The first experiment with low ECR power input (less than 40 W) was carried out.