Impact of concurrent antibody-drug conjugates and radiotherapy on symptomatic radiation necrosis in breast cancer patients with brain metastases: a multicenter retrospective study.

Aim: We aimed to investigate the impact of concurrent antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) and radiotherapy on symptomatic radiation necrosis (SRN) in breast cancer patients with brain metastases (BM).

Methods: This multicenter retrospective study uses four institutional data. Eligibility criteria were histologically proven breast cancer, diagnosed BM with gadolinium-enhanced MRI, a Karnofsky performance status of 60 or higher, and radiotherapy for all BM lesions between 2017 and 2022.

Liver function and image evaluation after radiotherapy for liver metastases after resection of sigmoid colon cancer a case report.

Introduction: Radiotherapy is a treatment option in the management of patients with metastatic liver disease. The aim in this case was to evaluate radiation-induced dysfunctional liver lesions using 99mTc-GSA-SPECT, Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI, and radiation dose distribution in a patient after radiation therapy.

Presentation Of Case: After sigmoid colon resection, three liver metastases were treated with radiotherapy at the same time.

Correlations between intraplan and postplan parameters in I-125 permanent prostate brachytherapy using loose seeds or linked seeds.

The purpose of this study was to determine the most appropriate seed arrangement by comparing two different methods (linked seeds and loose seeds). A total of sixty-one patients (28 linked seed brachytherapy cases and 33 loose seed brachytherapy cases) with clinically localized prostate cancer were treated with I-125 permanent prostate brachytherapy. Modified peripheral loading was the method used for seed placement.

Efficacy of cisplatin plus vinorelbine adjuvant chemotherapy with split-dose administration of cisplatin after complete resection of stage II-IIIA non-small cell lung cancer.

Although co-administration of cisplatin (CDDP) and vinorelbine (VNR) has been established as a standard of care adjuvant chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), there is a lack of clinical data on its safety and efficacy in Japanese patients receiving split-dose administration of CDDP. The present study analyzed patients who received CDDP + VNR with split-dose administration of CDDP after undergoing complete resection of NSCLC. Patients received four courses of CDDP (40 mg/m) and VNR (25 mg/m) on days 1 and 8, every 3 weeks.

Predictors of Secondary Bladder Cancer in Patients with Prostate Cancer Treated with Brachytherapy: A Single-institution Study of a Japanese Cohort.

Purpose: The incidence of secondary bladder cancer after treatment for localized prostate cancer (PCa) remains unclear. In this study, PCa cases treated with brachytherapy (BT) were evaluated to assess the incidence of a second malignancy of bladder cancer in a Japanese cohort.

Materials And Methods: Overall, 969 patients treated with BT at our hospital between July 2006 and January 2019 were included in the study cohort.

Evaluation of clinical pharmacist interventions for adverse events in hospitalized patients with thoracic cancer receiving cancer chemotherapy.

Due to the increasing complexity of cancer chemotherapy and its associated supportive care, the role of clinical pharmacists in cancer chemotherapy is becoming increasingly more important. The present study evaluated the clinical interventions of a single pharmacist on the adverse events in hospitalized patients with thoracic cancer receiving cancer chemotherapy. A single-center, retrospective study was conducted at the 614-bed, tertiary care Gifu University Hospital.

Efficacy of Single-dose First-generation 5-HT Receptor Antagonist and Dexamethasone for Preventing Nausea and Vomiting Induced by Low-dose Carboplatin-based Chemotherapy.

Background: Carboplatin (CBDCA) is known to exhibit a high emetic risk among moderate-emetic risk anticancer drugs, and the dose of CBDCA varies in different therapies. In concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the weekly administration of CBDCA (area under the curve (AUC) 2 mg/ml/min) and paclitaxel (PTX: 40 mg/m) is frequently applied as standard therapy. However, the optimal antiemetic measures in the use of such low-dose CBDCA remain unclear.

Pharmacokinetics of consecutive oral moxifloxacin (400 mg/day) in patients with respiratory tract infection.

A population pharmacokinetic analysis was performed to investigate the pharmacokinetics of moxifloxacin (400 mg) following a once-daily oral administration in 28 patients with respiratory tract infection disease. The maximum plasma concentration and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve were 3.97 µg/ml and 51.

Prevention of radiation esophagitis by polaprezinc (zinc L-carnosine) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer who received chemoradiotherapy.

Background: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) plays an important role in multimodality therapy for non-small cell lung cancer. However, esophagitis often develops as a complication of CCRT, causing treatment delays and reducing the patient's quality of life. We examined the efficacy of polaprezinc (PZ), zinc L-carnosine used for the therapy of gastric ulcer, against the onset of esophagitis caused by CCRT for lung cancer.

Noninvasive Tissue Characterization of Lung Tumors Using Integrated Backscatter Intravascular Ultrasound: An Ex Vivo Comparative Study With Pathological Diagnosis.

Background: Endobronchial ultrasonography (EBUS) facilitates a lung cancer diagnosis. However, qualitative tissue characterization of lung tumors is difficult using EBUS. Integrated backscatter (IBS) is an ultrasound technique that calculates the power of the ultrasound signal to characterize tissue components in coronary arteries.

Multi-institutional retrospective analysis of learning curves on dosimetry and operation time before and after introduction of intraoperatively built custom-linked seeds in prostate brachytherapy.

This multi-institutional retrospective analysis examined learning curves for dosimetric parameters and operation time after introduction of intraoperatively built custom-linked (IBCL) seeds. Data from consecutive patients treated with seed implantation before and after introduction of IBCL seeds (loose seed, n = 428; IBCL seed, n = 426) were collected from 13 centers. Dose-volume histogram parameters, operation times, and seed migration rates were compared before and after introduction of IBCL seeds.

[Analysis of Pemetrexed Monotherapy in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with Impaired Renal Function].

Toxicity and efficacy of pemetrexed monotherapy in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients with impaired renal function treated between May 2009 and May 2012 at Gifu University Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 10 and 17 patients had a creatinine clearance rate (Ccr) of <45 mL/min and ≥45 mL/min, respectively. The median age was higher in the Ccr<45 mL/min group (78.

Paraneoplastic neurological syndrome in a patient with squamous cell lung cancer.

A 78-year-old man presented with urinary retention and difficulty walking. Both legs showed muscle weakness, and he was experiencing lower body hypoesthesia. T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging revealed lesions with high signal intensity and enhancement in the spinal cord and cerebrum.

A randomized controlled non-inferiority study comparing the antiemetic effect between intravenous granisetron and oral azasetron based on estimated 5-HT3 receptor occupancy.

Background: The acute antiemetic effect was compared between oral azasetron and intravenous granisetron based on the 5-hydroxytryptamine(3) (5-HT(3)) receptor occupancy theory.

Patients And Methods: Receptor occupancy was estimated from reported data on plasma concentrations and affinity constants to 5-HT(3) receptor. A randomized non-inferiority study comparing acute antiemetic effects between oral azasetron and intravenous granisetron was performed in 105 patients receiving the first course of carboplatin-based chemotherapy for lung cancer.

Tetomilast attenuates elastase-induced pulmonary emphysema through inhibition of oxidative stress in rabbits.

Tetomilast was originally identified as a potent inhibitor of superoxide production in human neutrophils, and is of interest because it may relieve oxidative stress related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Our objective was to determine whether tetomilast effectively protects against the development of porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE)-induced emphysema in rabbits. Rabbits were divided into three groups (sham n=19, PPE n=19, PPE/Tetomilast n=18).

[A trial of 89Sr bremsstrahlung SPECT].

Objective: 89Sr bremsstrahlung SPECT imaging has been evaluated for detecting the more detailed whole body 89Sr distribution.

Methods: 89Sr bremsstrahlung whole body planar and merged SPECT images were acquired by using two detectors type SPECT system. Energy window A (100 keV +/- 50%) for planar imaging, and energy window A plus adjacent energy window B (300 keV +/- 50%) for SPECT imaging were set on the continuous spectrum.

Polymerase chain reaction positivity of Pneumocystis jirovecii during primary lung cancer treatment.

Objective: When treating lung cancer, pneumocystic pneumonia is a life-threatening complication seen during chemotherapy. Polymerase chain reaction is used to detect its cause, Pneumocystis jirovecii, but polymerase chain reaction positives without pneumocystic pneumonia are sometimes seen. The purpose of this study was to assess the frequency of pneumocystic pneumonia during cancer treatment.

Two activated stages of microglia and PET imaging of peripheral benzodiazepine receptors with [(11)C]PK11195 in rats.

Objective: The transition of microglia from the normal resting state to the activated state is associated with an increased expression of peripheral benzodiazepine receptors (PBR). The extent of PBR expression is dependent on the level of microglial activation. A PBR ligand, [(11)C]PK11195, has been used for imaging of the activation of microglia in vivo.

[Sarcoidosis-lymphoma syndrome with vertebral bone destruction].

We report a rare case of sarcoidosis-lymphoma syndrome with vertebral bone destruction. A 63-year-old woman was previously diagnosed as sarcoidosis by supraclavicular lymph node biopsy, and came to our hospital complaining of back pain. Both serum angiotensin-converting enzyme and lysozyme level had been continuously elevated.

Massive hematuria from the bilateral upper urinary tract in a patient treated for advanced lung cancer with gefitinib.

We report a case of gefitinib-induced bilateral upper urinary tract bleeding in an 82-year-old woman administered the drug daily for advanced non-small cell adenocarcinoma of the lung (T4N3M0). Hematuria is an uncommon adverse effect of gefitinib, and in most cases, the bleeding site is unknown. On the 44th day of oral gefitinib administration, the patient noted asymptomatic macroscopic bloody urine.

Use of multidetector row CT to evaluate the need for bronchial arterial embolization in hemoptysis patients.

Background: Bronchial artery (BA) embolization (BAE) is recommended as a minimally invasive therapy for hemoptysis, though some patients recover after only conservative treatment.

Objectives: The purpose of our study was to assess the characteristics of BAs using multidetector row computed tomography (MDCT) and identify BAs requiring BAE without BA angiography (BAG).

Methods: We retrospectively studied 41 patients and classified the visualized BAs into groups based on their BAE and bleeding statuses.