Local control of sphincter-preserving procedures and abdominoperineal resection for locally advanced low rectal cancer: Propensity score matched analysis.

Sphincter-preserving procedures (SPPs) for surgical treatment of low-lying rectal tumors have advanced considerably. However, their oncological safety for locally advanced low rectal cancer compared with abdominoperineal resection (APR) is contentious. We retrospectively analyzed cohort data of 1500 consecutive patients who underwent elective resection for stage II-III rectal cancer between 2010 and 2011.

[Assessment of meteorological conditions in relation to the onset of spontaneous pneumothorax in young adults].

Thirty-eight patients less than 30-year-old with spontaneous pneumothorax, of which onset date were known between January 2001 and December 2007, were included in this study. Meteorological factors such as temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, amount of rainfall and actual sunshine duration were assessed for the onset days of spontaneous pneumothorax (SP days) compared with days without pneumothorax (non-SP days) in the analyzed periods. The difference of those meteorological factors between the index day and one day before were also assessed.

Neutrophil elastase inhibitor, sivelestat, attenuates acute lung injury after cardiopulmonary bypass in the rabbit endotoxemia model.

Background: Neutrophil elastase probably contributes to the development of acute lung injury after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in patients with infection or shock. We evaluated whether pretreatment with sivelestat sodium hydrate, a neutrophil elastase inhibitor (EI), can prevent acute lung injury caused by CPB.

Methods: Rabbits were assigned four groups: CPB for 60 minutes, control CPB group; low-dose lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration without CPB, LPS group; CPB after lipopolysaccharide administration, LPS+CPB group; or preparation with continuous infusion of sivelestat and CPBs after lipopolysaccharide administration, EI group.

Design of a new technique using a free tracheal autologous graft for reconstruction of the cricoid cartilage and trachea.

Purpose: We devised a new operative procedure to recreate a supporting framework using a free tracheal autologous graft for cricoidal and tracheal defects.

Methods: We used this new transplantation method to repair the airway defect in five patients who underwent total thyroidectomy with resection of the airway for advanced thyroid cancer. A free graft was taken from the anterior aspect of the trachea and placed over the defect.

Platelet preservation with a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor in a porcine cardiopulmonary bypass model.

Background: We tested whether administration of FK633, a short-acting glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor, before median sternotomy and cardiopulmonary bypass was able to interrupt the platelet activation loop and thereby preserve platelet number and function.

Methods: This study investigated 16 pigs that underwent median sternotomy and 120 minutes of normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (100 mL/kg) adding pericardial blood to the perfusate. FK633 was administered with heparin to one group (group F, n = 8), whereas only heparin was administered to the control group (group C, n = 8).

Surgical repair for chronic traumatic thoracic aneurysm after 12-year follow-up.

A 39-year-old man underwent surgical repair of chronic traumatic thoracic aneurysm after 12-year follow-up at our hospital. Eighteen years prior to surgery, he had been involved in a traffic accident, suffering a left hemopneumothorax. Chronic traumatic thoracic aneurysm is extremely rare that few guidelines for surgical intervention exist for this disorder.

The state of platelets preserved in extracorporeal circulation with a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor.

Introduction: Temporary inhibition of platelet function during extracorporeal circulation (platelet anesthesia) can preserve platelet count. We hypothesized that platelet anesthesia with a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor could preserve activated platelets.

Materials And Methods: Fresh human blood from donors was recirculated for 120 min in a simulated extracorporeal circuit.