Constructing a continuous hemodiafiltration-type circulatory model of acute kidney injury in pigs.

Introduction: Animal-model experimental systems capable of reflecting the effects of devices for continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) on living organisms are limited; thus, aimed to construct an animal model of AKI-CRRT using pigs.

Methods: Pigs were subjected to renal artery ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and then to a maximum of 24 h of continuous hemodiafiltration (CHDF)-type CRRT.

Results: Post-IRI, pigs' creatinine levels rose threefold, and they exhibited 24 h of anuria and clear aggravation of oxidative stress, demonstrating successful induction of AKI for CRRT.

Catalytic activity and regeneration property of a Pd nanoparticle encapsulated in a hollow porous carbon sphere for aerobic alcohol oxidation.

A core-shell composite consisting of a palladium (Pd) nanoparticle and a hollow carbon shell (Pd@hmC) was employed as a catalyst for aerobic oxidation of various alcohols. The core-shell structure was synthesized by consecutive coatings of Pd nanoparticles with siliceous and carbon layers followed by removal of the intermediate siliceous layer. Structural characterizations using TEM and N(2) adsorption-desorption measurements revealed that Pd@hmC thus-obtained was composed of a Pd nanoparticle core of 3-6 nm in diameter and a hollow carbon shell with well-developed mesopore (ca.