Incidence and Risk Factors of Iatrogenic Retinal Breaks: 20-Gauge versus 25-Gauge Vitrectomy for Idiopathic Macular Hole Repair.

Purpose: We compared the incidences of iatrogenic retinal breaks and postoperative retinal detachment between eyes that underwent 20-gauge vitrectomy and those that underwent 25-gauge vitrectomy for idiopathic macular hole repair.

Methods: This retrospective nonrandomized consecutive observational case series included 185 eyes of 183 patients (130 eyes of 129 patients and 55 eyes of 54 patients in the 20- and 25-gauge groups, respectively). We assessed the relationship between the incidence of retinal breaks and postoperative retinal detachment and related this to posterior vitreous detachment and lattice degeneration.

Corrigendum to "Relationship between the Direction of Ophthalmic Artery Blood Flow and Ocular Microcirculation before and after Carotid Artery Stenting".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2016/2530914.].

Association between Optic Nerve Head Microcirculation and Macular Ganglion Cell Complex Thickness in Eyes with Untreated Normal Tension Glaucoma and a Hemifield Defect.

We evaluated the association between optic nerve head (ONH) microcirculation and macular ganglion cell complex (mGCC) thickness in patients with untreated normal tension glaucoma (NTG) and a hemifield defect. The medical records of 47 patients with untreated NTG were retrospectively reviewed. Laser speckle flowgraphy was used to obtain mean blur rate (MBR), a relative measure of blood flow.

Relationship between the Direction of Ophthalmic Artery Blood Flow and Ocular Microcirculation before and after Carotid Artery Stenting.

When internal carotid artery stenosis is accompanied by ocular ischemic syndrome, intervention is recommended to prevent irreversible visual loss. In this study, we used laser speckle flowgraphy to measure the ocular microcirculation in the optic nerve head before and after carotid artery stenting (CAS) of 40 advanced internal carotid stenosis lesions from 37 patients. The aim was to investigate the relationship between ocular microcirculation and the direction of ophthalmic artery blood flow obtained by angiography.

Erratum to "Size of the Optic Nerve Head and Its Relationship with the Thickness of the Macular Ganglion Cell Complex and Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer in Patients with Primary Open Angle Glaucoma".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2015/186249.].

Size of the Optic Nerve Head and Its Relationship with the Thickness of the Macular Ganglion Cell Complex and Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer in Patients with Primary Open Angle Glaucoma.

. To evaluate the relationships among the optic nerve head (ONH) area, macular ganglion cell complex (mGCC) thickness, circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (cpRNFL) thickness, and visual field defects in patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). .

Incidence and causes of iatrogenic retinal breaks in idiopathic macular hole and epiretinal membrane.

Background: To evaluate the incidence and cause of iatrogenic retinal breaks (RBs) and postoperative retinal detachment (RD) in cases of idiopathic macular hole (MH) and epiretinal membrane (ERM).

Methods: We analyzed 79 eyes with MH and 41 eyes with ERM, the relationship between the incidence of RBs and RD, and the frequency of posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) and lattice degeneration (LD).

Results: The incidence of RBs related to the operation was significantly higher in eyes with MH.

Iatrogenic retinal breaks during 20-gauge vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Background: We classified iatrogenic retinal break formation during 20-gauge pars plana vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy into three types according to the mechanism of development, and evaluated the association of each type with postoperative complications. This is the largest series of such patients published to date.

Methods: This was a retrospective comparative study of 760 eyes from 609 cases who underwent primary 20-gauge vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy and were followed-up for at least 6 months after surgery.

Idiopathic Macular Hole Vitrectomy Without Postoperative Face-Down Positioning Performed by Different Surgeons.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling and sulfur hexafluoride gas tamponade without postoperative face-down positioning for macular holes (MHs) when performed by 3 surgeons at 2 centers.

Design: A retrospective, consecutive, observational case series.

Methods: Fifty-seven eyes operated on by 1 of 3 surgeons and followed for 12 months after surgery were studied.

Combined Idiopathic Macular Hole Vitrectomy with Phacoemulsification without Face-Down Positioning.

Purpose. To evaluate the outcome of combined vitrectomy with phacoemulsification without postoperative face-down positioning for idiopathic macular holes (MHs). Design.

Macular retinal ganglion cell complex damage in the apparently normal visual field of glaucomatous eyes with hemifield defects.

Purpose: To compare the thicknesses of the macular ganglion cell complex (mGCC), the entire macular retina, and the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (ppRNFL) in the apparently normal visual field of glaucomatous eyes with hemifield defects with thicknesses in normal eyes. In addition, to evaluate the relationship between the structural and retinal sensitivity parameters by standard automated perimetry.

Methods: This single institution study included 50 eyes of 50 glaucoma patients with visual field defects restricted to the superior or inferior hemifield, in addition to 25 eyes of 25 normal controls matched for age, sex, and refractive errors.

Idiopathic macular hole vitrectomy without postoperative face-down positioning.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling and SF(6) gas tamponade for macular holes without face-down positioning.

Methods: Twenty-one eyes of 21 consecutive patients undergoing pars plana vitrectomy with indocyanine green-assisted ILM peeling and 20% SF(6) gas tamponade without face-down positioning were included in this study. Biomicroscopy and optical coherence tomography were used to assess macular hole closure.

Comparison of surgical procedures for vitreous surgery in diabetic macular edema.

Purpose: Results of vitreous surgery alone in patients with diabetic macular edema (Vit group) were compared with results of surgery combined with peeling of the internal limiting membrane (ILM group), and surgery combined with removal of the residual vitreous cortex after its visualization using triamcinolone acetonide (TA) and a postoperative intravitreal TA injection (TA group). Visual acuities after the operation, degree of improvement in visual acuity (VA), and intra- and postoperative complications were evaluated.

Methods: The study included 141 consecutive patients (168 eyes) who could be followed up for at least 12 months after the operation.

Vitrectomy with or without arteriovenous adventitial sheathotomy for macular edema associated with branch retinal vein occlusion.

Purpose: compare the results of vitrectomy with or without arteriovenous (AV) crossing sheathotomy for macular edema associated with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO).

Design: Interventional case series.

Methods: A retrospective study of 36 eyes with BRVO-associated macular edema.

Short-term study of retinal pigment epithelium sheet transplants onto Bruch's membrane.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the survival and behaviour of retinal pigment epithelium sheets transplanted onto hydraulically debrided Bruch's membrane. Uncultured retinal pigment epithelium sheets obtained from male cats and sandwiched between two gelatin sheets were transplanted onto the tapetal area of female cats after native retinal pigment epithelium was debrided. For controls, the gelatin carrier was transplanted after debridement.

Ultrastructural analysis of hydraulic and abrasive retinal pigment epithelial cell debridements.

Differential changes in Bruch's membrane, choriocapillaris, retinal pigment epithelium, retina, and tapetum after hydraulic or abrasive debridement of the retinal pigment epithelium in the cat area centralis were documented by fluorescein angiography, histology, and transmission electron microscopy at 1-hour, 1-day, 3-day, 1-week, or 4-week time points. Abrasive debridement is associated with abnormal fluorescein angiography and incomplete ingrowth of retinal pigment epithelial cells. Transmission electron microscopy shows that abrasive debridement inflicts more long-lasting ultrastructural damage to Bruch's membrane, the choriocapillaris, tapetum, and retina than does hydraulic debridement.

Adeno-associated virus encoding green fluorescent protein as a label for retinal pigment epithelium.

Purpose: To determine whether transduction with adeno-associated virus encoding green fluorescent protein (AAV-GFP) is useful for labeling transplanted retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE).

Methods: Transduction was performed by infection of confluent or subconfluent cultured feline RPE or by subretinal injection. Cells transduced in vitro were analyzed to determine label stability over time and label conservation with cell division.