Contribution of sellar dura integrity to symptom manifestation in pituitary adenomas with intratumoral hemorrhage.

Purpose: Although hemorrhage within pituitary adenomas frequently exacerbates the symptoms, there are many grades of severity. Moreover, the contributing factors for symptom severity are still controversial.

Methods: This retrospective study included 82 patients who underwent transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenomas with intratumoral hemorrhage.

Long-term predictive factors of the morphology based outcome in bare platinum coiled intracranial aneurysms: Evaluation by pre- and post-contrast 3D time-of-flight MR angiography.

Purpose: Our aim was to identify long-term predictive factors of the morphology-based outcome (MBO) of bare platinum coiled intracranial aneurysms.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis of 96 bare platinum coiled intracranial aneurysms followed up from 1997 to 2016 using pre- and post-contrast 3D time-of-flight MR angiography (MRA) was performed. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with a positive history of surrounding coil mass enhancement (SCME) and poor MBO.

Cranial Pachymeningeal Involvement in POEMS Syndrome: Evaluation by Pre- and Post-contrast FLAIR and T-weighted Imaging.

Purpose: To evaluate the cranial pachymeningeal involvement of polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy, skin changes (POEMS) syndrome using pre- and post-contrast fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and T-weighted imaging (TWI).

Methods: The appearance of pachymeningeal involvement in nine cases of POEMS syndrome was evaluated using pre- and post-contrast FLAIR and TWI. The degree of pachymeningeal thickening was graded as normal or abnormal using pre-contrast FLAIR.

MR Spectroscopy to Distinguish between Supratentorial Intraventricular Subependymoma and Central Neurocytoma.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to discriminate supratentorial intraventricular subependymoma (SIS) from central neurocytoma (CNC) using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS).

Methods: Single-voxel proton MRS using a 1.5T or 3T MR scanner from five SISs, five CNCs, and normal controls were evaluated.

Optimizing the Volume of the Initial Framing Coil to Facilitate Tight Packing of Intracranial Aneurysms.

Background: During endovascular treatment of an aneurysm, the importance of the initial coil volume for facilitating tight packing is unclear. We retrospectively studied the relationships between initial packing density (PD; initial coil volume divided by aneurysm volume), final PD (volume of all coils divided by aneurysm volume).

Methods: We reviewed 105 aneurysms in 98 patients who underwent endovascular coiling between April 2011 and March 2014.

Malignant transformation of diffuse infiltrating glial neoplasm after prolonged stable period initially discovered with hypothalamic hamartoma.

We present a case of malignant transformation of diffuse infiltrating glial neoplasm after a prolonged stable period on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS) initially discovered with a hypothalamic hamartoma. Although MRI and MRS suggest the possibility of malignant transformation in future, they cannot precisely predict the timing of rapid growth.

Prediction of carotid artery in-stent restenosis by quantitative assessment of vulnerable plaque using computed tomography.

Background And Purpose: To assess the relationship between plaque volume evaluated by multidetector computed tomographic angiography (MDCT) and in-stent restenosis (ISR) after carotid artery stenting (CAS).

Materials And Methods: From a retrospectively maintained database, data were collected for 52patients with carotid artery stenosis treated with CAS between 2007 and 2012. We defined ISR of≥50% as a peak systolic velocity≥200cm/s on echo-duplex scan.

Differences between glioblastomas and primary central nervous system lymphomas in 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Purpose: The present study aimed to distinguish between glioblastomas and primary central nervous system lymphomas (PCNSLs) using (1)H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), especially glutamate (Glu)/creatine (Cr) and Glu/Glu+glutamine (Gln) ratios.

Materials And Methods: A total of 46 patients (31 cases diagnosed with glioblastoma, 15 with PCNSL) were examined by in vivo single-voxel proton (1)H-MRS with a 3-T MR imaging system. Differences in absolute concentration of Cr, choline/Cr, lipid (1.

Splenial and white matter lesions showing transiently-reduced diffusion in mild encephalopathy monitored with MR spectroscopy and imaging.

We report the time course of magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy of a case with lesions of the splenium and white matter with transiently reduced diffusion in clinically reversible encephalopathy. Initially normal spectroscopy showed slightly elevated choline. Signal abnormality in T2-weighted and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images persisted for 90 days.

Striatal hemihypoplasia: an early embryonic variant of cerebral hemiatrophy.

We present a case of hemihypoplasia of the striatum with ipsilateral cerebral hemispheric atrophy. The head of the caudate nucleus and putamen were hypoplastic, and gray matter cell bridges between them located in the anterior limb of the internal capsule were sparse. Cerebral atrophy was accompanied by ipsilateral mesial temporal sclerosis without thalamic atrophy.

Prognostic paradox: brain damage around the glioblastoma resection cavity.

Hyperintense lesions around the resection cavity on magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging (MR-DWI) frequently appear after brain tumor surgery due to the damage of surrounding brain. The putative connection between the lesion and the prognosis for patients with glioblastoma (GBM) was explored. This retrospective study reviewed consecutive sixty-one patients with newly diagnosed GBM.

Association fibers connecting the Broca center and the lateral superior frontal gyrus: a microsurgical and tractographic anatomy.

Object: Recently, intraoperative mapping has disclosed that, in addition to the classic language centers (that is, the Broca and Wernicke centers), other cortical regions may also play an important role in language organization. In the prefrontal cortex, although the lateral superior frontal gyrus (LSFG) could have language-related functions, there are no detailed reports that demonstrate the anatomical connection between the LSFG and other well-known language cortices, such as the Broca center. To show the existence of the structural connection, white matter association fibers between the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and the LSFG were examined using fiber dissection (FD) and diffusion tensor (DT) imaging-based tractography.

Association between carotid plaque composition assessed by multidetector computed tomography and cerebral embolism after carotid stenting.

Introduction: We aimed to assess the relationship between atherosclerotic carotid plaque composition analyzed using multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and the appearance of new ischemic lesions detected by diffusion-weighted images (DWI) after carotid artery stenting (CAS).

Methods: We quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed plaque characteristics in carotid arteries using MDCT before CAS in 19 patients. Carotid plaques were expediently subdivided into four components with Hounsfield unit (HU) values of <0, 0-60, 60-130, and >600.

Automated MR spectroscopy of intra- and extraventricular neurocytomas.

Purpose: We evaluated the automated magnetic resonance spectroscopic (MRS) characteristics of intra- and extraventricular neurocytomas.

Materials And Methods: One extra- and 4 intraventricular neurocytomas were studied. Automated single-voxel proton MRS was performed with a 1.

Anatomical study of the occipital sinus using contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance venography.

The frequency and anatomical features of the occipital sinus (OS) were analyzed in this study by contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance venography (MRV) with enhanced fast gradient echo three-dimensional (EFGRE3D) and we discuss the clinical usefulness of this method. The study included 555 patients who underwent contrast-enhanced MRV with EFGRE3D, and maximum intensity projection (MIP), multiplanar reformation (MPR) and multiprojection volume reconstruction (MPVR) images were obtained for the regions of interest. The frequency, size and communication of the OS with other vessels were assessed.

Anatomical study of the confluence of the sinuses with contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance venography.

Introduction: It is important that each dural sinus can be recognized during brain surgery and that the venous route can be used for interventional procedures. In this study, the anatomical features and patterns of the confluence of the sinuses were analyzed.

Methods: The technique of contrast-enhanced three-dimensional magnetic resonance venography was used in 549 patients.

MR findings of nine cases of palatal tumor.

Purpose: To assess the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of pathologically confirmed palatal tumors.

Methods: Nine cases of palatal tumor were studied. Clinical data, MRI findings, and pathological diagnoses were evaluated.

[Effect of saline flush using dual injector on abdominal dynamic contrast enhanced computed tomography].

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of the saline flush technique for abdominal multidetector-row computed tomography (CT).

Methods: As a clinical study, 147 patients with chronic hepatic disease were divided into two groups: group A, given 100 cc of contrast material flushed with 50 cc of saline; and group B, given 100 cc of contrast material only. The difference in attenuation values between groups A and B, and cirrhotic liver and non-cirrhotic liver were evaluated.

Dynamic MR imaging for diagnosis of lesions adjacent to pituitary gland.

In this study, we evaluated the usefulness of dynamic studies for the preoperative diagnosis of tumor lesions adjacent to the pituitary gland. We examined 13 tumors. We obtained pre- and post-contrast thin slice T1-weighted images of the sellar regions.

CO2 demonstration of multiple extravasations into a subcapsular hematoma of the liver.

In a case of esophageal cancer with liver metastases, rupture of a liver metastasis resulted in subcapsular hematoma of the liver. Digital subtraction angiography with carbon dioxide showed multiple extravasations at the surface of the liver suggesting multiple ruptures of the penetrating hepatic capsular arteries. It was suggested that these findings are not rare in cases of subcapsular hematoma; however, they have received little attention.

Cisternal segment of the normal abducent nerve: MR imaging with 3D fast asymmetric spin echo sequence.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to reveal the techniques and findings of the 3D fast asymmetric spin echo (3D FASE) sequence for imaging the cisternal segment of the normal abducent nerve.

Methods: Ten healthy volunteers were examined using the 3D FASE sequence, and oblique coronal and oblique sagittal images were reconstructed according to the specific course of the abducent nerve.

Results: The abducent nerve was identified with certainty and displayed on the oblique coronal and oblique sagittal reconstructed images in 80% of cases using Dorello's canal as landmark.