Adsorption and carbonylation of plasma proteins by dialyser membrane material: in vitro and in vivo proteomics investigations.

Background: Protein carbonylation is an irreversible and not reparable reaction which is caused by the introduction into proteins of carbonyl derivatives such as ketones and aldehydes, generated from direct oxidation processes or from secondary protein reaction with reactive carbonyl compounds. Several studies have demonstrated significantly increased levels of reactive carbonyl compounds, a general increase in plasma protein carbonyls and carbonyl formation on major plasma proteins in blood from uremic patients, particularly those undergoing chronic haemodialysis.

Materials And Methods: In the present preliminary study, we first assessed by an in vitro filtration apparatus the possible effects of different materials used for haemodialysis membranes on protein retention and carbonylation.

[Use of oral hypoglycemic agents in patients with chronic kidney failure].

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is one of the most common disease worldwide. Diabetes mellitus is expected to affect over 380 million people by 2025 and one third of these patients will develop chronic kidney disease (CKD). There are many categories of hypoglycemic agents available for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus: sulphounilureas, glinides, biguanides, thiazolidinediones, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, and the new brand incretines.