Associated factors and prognostic implications of neutropenia in individuals with HIV/AIDS.

Background: Neutropenia frequently presents as a hematological manifestation among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). This study explores the factors associated with neutropenia in PLWHA and its prognostic significance.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective case-control study of the clinical data from 780 cases of individuals living with HIV/AIDS, who were admitted to Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University over the period from January 2016 to September 2020.

Multi-Omic Analysis Reveals the Impact of Bortezomib in Hyperleukocytic Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Background: Hyperleukocytic acute myeloid leukemia (HL-AML) is associated with early complications and high mortality rates, highlighting the urgent need for more effective therapeutic strategies.

Methods: This study conducted label-free proteomic analysis on serum from HL-AML and non-HL AML (NHL-AML) patients, integrating the data with the OHSU transcriptomic database. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate the in vitro impact of bortezomib.

Shared decision-making about autologous stem cell transplantation: A qualitative study of older patients and physicians.

Background: The decision-making process between autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant (autoHSCT) and less-intensive treatments necessitates shared decision-making between older patients with hematological malignancies and healthcare providers. However, there is limited knowledge from both perspectives. This qualitative study aimed to comprehensively understand the experiences of shared decision-making regarding autoHSCT among older patients with hematological malignancies and physicians.

Clinical and immunological characteristics of high-risk double-hit multiple myeloma.

At present, the characteristics of double-hit multiple myeloma (DHMM) are unknown. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data from 433 new diagnosed MM patients and found that DHMM have a higher β2-MG level and percentage of bone marrow plasma cell. Cox regression analysis showed that the prognosis of DHMM was not limited by clinical indicators.

Clinical value of F-FDG PET/CT in patients with newly diagnosed acute leukemia.

Purpose: To explore the correlation between semi-quantitative parameters of F-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scans findings and the clinical features of patients with acute leukemia (AL), as well as to evaluate the clinical utility of F-FDG PET/CT in the management of AL.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted with 44 patients newly diagnosed with acute leukemia (AL) at Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University between January 2019 and August 2024.

Results: Multivariate analysis revealed that age at diagnosis of AL (odds ratio [OR]: 0.

Glycodiversification of gentamicins through glycosyltransferase swapping enabled the creation of novel hybrid aminoglycoside antibiotics with potent activity and low ototoxicity.

Aminoglycosides (AGs) are a class of antibiotics with a broad spectrum of activity. However, their use is limited by safety concerns associated with nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity, as well as drug resistance. To address these issues, semi-synthetic approaches for modifying natural AGs have generated new generations of AGs, however, with limited types of modification due to significant challenges in synthesis.

Epigenetic modifications in hematopoietic ecosystem: a key tuner from homeostasis to acute myeloid leukemia.

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) maintain homeostasis in the hematopoietic ecosystem, which is tightly regulated at multiple layers. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a severe hematologic malignancy driven by genetic and epigenetic changes that lead to the transformation of leukemia stem cells (LSCs). Since somatic mutations in DNA methylation-related genes frequently occur in AML, DNA methylation is widely altered and functions as a starting engine for initiating AML.

Global burden, risk factor analysis, and prediction study of leukaemia from 1990 to 2030.

Background: Leukaemia is a devastating disease with an incidence that progressively increases with advancing age. The World Health Organization has designated 2021-30 as the decade of healthy ageing, highlighting the need to address age-related diseases. We estimated the disease burden of leukaemia and forecasted it by 2030.

Study on leukapheresis of hyperleukocytic acute myeloid leukemia through in vitro centrifugation.

Respiratory failure, intracranial hemorrhage and infection were more common in hyperleukocytic acute myeloid leukemia patients than in non-hyperleukocytic leukemia patients. Compared with non-apheresis treatment, the white blood cells decreased significantly and the infection rate decreased after apheresis treatment. However, the treatment time of leukapheresis in patients with hyperleukocytic leukemia is very long, while it is more damaging to cells.

Engineered cytosine base editor enabling broad-scope and high-fidelity gene editing in Streptomyces.

Base editing (BE) faces protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) constraints and off-target effects in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. For Streptomyces, renowned as one of the most prolific bacterial producers of antibiotics, the challenges are more pronounced due to its diverse genomic content and high GC content. Here, we develop a base editor named eSCBE3-NG-Hypa, tailored with both high efficiency and -fidelity for Streptomyces.

Modified frailty index effectively predicts adverse outcomes in sepsis patients in the intensive care unit.

Background: Frailty and sepsis have a significant impact on patient prognosis. However, research into the relationship between frailty and sepsis in the general adult population remains inadequate. This paper aims to investigate the association between frailty and adverse outcomes in this population.

CoHIT: a one-pot ultrasensitive ERA-CRISPR system for detecting multiple same-site indels.

Genetic testing is crucial for precision cancer medicine. However, detecting multiple same-site insertions or deletions (indels) is challenging. Here, we introduce CoHIT (Cas12a-based One-for-all High-speed Isothermal Test), a one-pot CRISPR-based assay for indel detection.

Chemotherapy plus therapeutic plasmapheresis with 4% human albumin solution in multiple myeloma patients with acute kidney injury: a prospective, open-label, proof-of-concept study.

As no unified treatment protocol or evidence yet exists for plasmapheresis without plasma, this study explored the outcomes of using 4% human albumin (ALB) solution as a replacement solution in patients undergoing plasma exchange for multiple myeloma (MM) patients with acute kidney injury (AKI). This study was prospectively registered (ChiCTR2000030640 and NCT05251896). Bortezomib-based chemotherapy plus therapeutic plasmapheresis (TPP) with 4% human ALB solution was assessed for three years in patients with MM aged >18 years, with AKI according to the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes criteria, and without previous renal impairment from other causes.

Prevalence trends of anemia impairment in adolescents and young adults with HIV/AIDS.

Background: Anemia is a common complication of HIV/AIDS, particularly in adolescents and young adults across various countries and regions. However, little is known about the changing prevalence trends of anemia impairment in this population over time.

Methods: Data on anemia in adolescents and young adults with HIV/AIDS from 1990 to 2019 were collected from the Global Burden of Disease.

FLT3-selective PROTAC: Enhanced safety and increased synergy with Venetoclax in FLT3-ITD mutated acute myeloid leukemia.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients carrying Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3-internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD) mutations often face a poor prognosis. While some FLT3 inhibitors have been used clinically, challenges such as short efficacy and poor specificity persist. Proteolytic targeting chimera (PROTAC), with its lower ligand affinity requirement for target proteins, offers higher and rapid targeting capability.

A novel multiscale framework for delineating cancer evolution from subclonal compositions.

Objective: Owing to the heterogeneity in the evolution of cancer, distinguishing between diverse growth patterns and predicting long-term outcomes based on short-term measurements poses a great challenge.

Methods: A novel multiscale framework is proposed to unravel the connections between the population dynamics of cancer growth (i.e.

Development of a risk assessment model for cardiac injury in patients newly diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia based on a multicenter, real-world analysis in China.

Background: Studies have revealed that acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients are prone to combined cardiac injury. We aimed to identify hematological risk factors associated with cardiac injury in newly diagnosed AML patients before chemotherapy and develop a personalized predictive model.

Methods: The population baseline, blood test, electrocardiogram, echocardiograph, and genetic and cytogenetic data were collected from newly diagnosed AML patients.

Distributions and Trends of the Global Burden of Colorectal Cancer Attributable to Dietary Risk Factors over the Past 30 Years.

Dietary risk has always been a major risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the contribution of dietary risk factors to CRC at the level of region, gender, and age has not been fully characterized. Based on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 study, the death rates, age-standardized mortality rates (ASDRs), and estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) were calculated to assess the trends of CRC attributable to dietary risk factors over the past 30 years.

Can admission Braden skin score predict delirium in older adults in the intensive care unit? Results from a multicenter study.

Aims And Objectives: To investigate whether a low Braden Skin Score (BSS), reflecting an increased risk of pressure injury, could predict the risk of delirium in older patients in the intensive care unit (ICU).

Background: Delirium, a common acute encephalopathy syndrome in older ICU patients, is associated with prolonged hospital stay, long-term cognitive impairment and increased mortality. However, few studies have explored the relationship between BSS and delirium.

Design and Engineering of Light-Induced Base Editors Facilitating Genome Editing with Enhanced Fidelity.

Base editors, which enable targeted locus nucleotide conversion in genomic DNA without double-stranded breaks, have been engineered as powerful tools for biotechnological and clinical applications. However, the application of base editors is limited by their off-target effects. Continuously expressed deaminases used for gene editing may lead to unwanted base alterations at unpredictable genomic locations.