Analysis of Prognostic Factors and Treatment Outcomes in Indirect Traumatic Optic Neuropathy: A Retrospective Review of 105 Patients.

Purpose: To identify risk factors for vision recovery in indirect traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) and to analyze the outcomes associated with surgical treatment for TON.

Methods: Between 2020 and 2023, a total of 105 patients diagnosed with traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) at Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital and Shanghai Minhang Hospital were included in a retrospective study. These individuals underwent optic nerve decompression surgery as part of their treatment.

Percutaneous Endoscopic Unilateral-Approach Bilateral Decompression for Lumbar Spinal Stenosis.

Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) involves the narrowing of the spinal canal due to degenerative changes in the vertebral joints, intervertebral discs, and ligaments. LSS encompasses central canal stenosis (CCS), lateral recess stenosis (LRS), and intervertebral foramen stenosis (IFS). The utilization of lumbar endoscopic unilateral laminotomy for bilateral decompression (LE-ULBD) has gained popularity in the treatment of CCS and LRS.

Visualizing Macrophage Phenotypes and Polarization in Diseases: From Biomarkers to Molecular Probes.

Macrophage is a kind of immune cell and performs multiple functions including pathogen phagocytosis, antigen presentation and tissue remodeling. To fulfill their functionally distinct roles, macrophages undergo polarization towards a spectrum of phenotypes, particularly the classically activated (M1) and alternatively activated (M2) subtypes. However, the binary M1/M2 phenotype fails to capture the complexity of macrophages subpopulations in vivo.

Approaching High-Performance TS-1 Zeolites in the Presence of Alkali Metal Ions via Combination of Adjusting pH Value and Modulating Crystal Size.

Lewis acid zeolites play an important role in industrially important green reactions closely related to fine chemical and biomass conversion. Titanium-doped TS-1 zeolite is a milestone Lewis acid zeolite widely used in industrially significant green oxidation processes with hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant under mild conditions. TS-1 zeolites are normally synthesized in basic conditions under hydrothermal treatment.

Nano-Cavities within Nano-Zeolites: The Influencing Factors of the Fabricating Process on Their Catalytic Activities.

Titanium silicalite-1 (TS-1) is a milestone heterogeneous catalyst with single-atom tetrahedral titanium incorporated into silica framework for green oxidation reactions. Although TS-1 catalysts have been industrialized, the strategy of direct hydrothermal synthesis usually produces catalysts with low catalytic activities, which has still puzzled academic and industrial scientists. Post-treatment processes were widely chosen and were proven to be an essential process for the stable production of the high-activity zeolites with hollow structures.

Construction of immune cell infiltration protein network based on clinical low grade glioma cases.

Many researchers have studied low-grade glioma and the immune microenvironment have been studied by many researchers. Recent studies suggest that macrophages and dendritic cells trigger part of the local immune dysregulation in the tumor microenvironment, and they have been polarized into a mixed pro-inflammatory and immunosuppressive phenotype. It is suggested that the degree of immune infiltration is related to the survival, therapeutic effect, and prognosis of patients.

Percutaneous full-endoscopic uniportal decompression for the treatment of symptomatic idiopathic lumbar spinal epidural lipomatosis: Technical note.

Background: Lumbar spinal epidural lipomatosis (SEL) is a rare condition characterized by an excessive accumulation of adipose tissue within the spinal canal, compressing the dura sac and/or nerve roots. When conservative treatments fail and clinical symptoms progress quickly and seriously, surgical decompression should be considered. With the rapid development of endoscopic armamentaria and techniques, the pathological scope that can be treated by percutaneous endoscopic spine surgery is ever expanding.

Percutaneous Full-Endoscopic C2 Ganglionectomy for the Treatment of Intractable Occipital Neuralgia: Technical Note.

Background: The C-2 dorsal root ganglionectomy procedure can provide effective treatment for intractable occipital neuralgia (ON). However, the traditional microsurgery of C2 ganglionectomy needs a wide incision and significant paraspinous muscle dissection for adequate visualization. The indications of endoscopic spine surgery are ever expanding, with the development of endoscopic armamentaria and technological innovations.

Hydrogen sulfide reduces pyroptosis and alleviates ischemia-reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome.

Aims: Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) shows high mortality. Hydrogen sulfide (HS) is essential for regulating kidney function. This study explored the role and mechanism of HS in I/R-induced AKI.

HOXB-AS1 accelerates the tumorigenesis of glioblastoma via modulation of HOBX2 and HOBX3 at transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most universal and invasive brain tumor among adults. Increasing studies have reported that long noncoding RNAs play vital roles in regulating downstream molecules at the transcriptional or posttranscriptional level in tumor progression. The purpose of the current research was to inquire the modulation mechanism by which homeobox B cluster antisense RNA 1 (HOXB-AS1) functioned in GBM.

Long noncoding RNA HNF1A-AS1 regulates proliferation and apoptosis of glioma through activation of the JNK signaling pathway via miR-363-3p/MAP2K4.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been proven to exert important functions in the various biological processes of human cancers. It has been reported that lncRNA HNF1 homeobox A antisense RNA 1 (HNF1A-AS1) was abnormally expressed and played a role in the initiation and development of various human cancers. In this study, we confirmed that the expression level of HNF1A-AS1 was increased in glioma tissues and cells.

RAD21 inhibited transcription of tumor suppressor MIR4697HG and led to glioma tumorigenesis.

Background: Studies have revealed the aberrant expression of lncRNAs is responsible for human carcinogenesis. MIR4697 host gene (MIR4697HG) is an upregulated lncRNA that promoted cell growth and metastasis in other cancers. In this study, we tested the expression of MIR4697HG in glioma cells and detected the comparatively down-regulated expression.

PSMB8-AS1 activated by ELK1 promotes cell proliferation in glioma via regulating miR-574-5p/RAB10.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) get great involvements in the development of countless cancers. Nonetheless, the deep molecular mechanism by which lncRNA regulates the formation of glioma is unclear. In our study, the expression of PSMB8-AS1 was dramatically upregulated in glioma tissues and cells, further, PSMB8-AS1 silencing restrained cell proliferation in glioma, and the results of PSMB8-AS1 overexpression were opposite.

Glibenclamide ameliorates the disrupted blood-brain barrier in experimental intracerebral hemorrhage by inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome.

Background: Glibenclamide is a widely used sulfonylurea drug prescribed to treat type II diabetes mellitus. Previous studies have demonstrated that glibenclamide has neuroprotective effects in central nervous system injury. However, the exact mechanism by which glibenclamide acts on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remains unclear.

β1,6 GlcNAc branches-modified protein tyrosine phosphatase Mu attenuates its tyrosine phosphatase activity and promotes glioma cell migration through PLCγ-PKC pathways.

The metastatic potential of malignant tumor has been shown to be correlated with the increased expression of tri- and tetra-antennary β1,6-N-acetylglucosamine (β1,6-GlcNAc) N-glycans. In this study, We found that GnT-V expression was negatively correlated with receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase type μ(RPTPμ) in human glioma tissues. To study whether RPTPμ is a novel substance of GnT-V which further affect RPTPμ's downstream dephosphorylation function, we preform lentiviral infection with GnT-V gene to construct stably transfected GnT-V glial cell lines.

Image-guided chemotherapy with specifically tuned blood brain barrier permeability in glioma margins.

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption is frequently observed in the glioma region. However, the tumor uptake of drugs is still too low to meet the threshold of therapeutic purpose. A tumor vasculature-targeted nanoagonist was developed.

Long noncoding RNA FAM83H-AS1 exerts an oncogenic role in glioma through epigenetically silencing CDKN1A (p21).

Gliomas are the commonest and most aggressive primary malignant tumor in the central nervous system. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified to act as crucial regulators in multiple biological processes, including tumorigenesis. FAM83H antisense RNA1 (FAM83H-AS1) has been uncovered to be dysregulated in several cancers.

N-Glycosylation at Asn 402 Stabilizes N-Cadherin and Promotes Cell-Cell Adhesion of Glioma Cells.

Cadherin is crucial for cell-cell adhesion and N-glycosylation of N-cadherin has been implicated in the process of mammary, renal, and ovarian carcinogenesis. However, whether N-glycosylation of N-cadherin plays a role in glioma remains unknown. Previous studies had indicated that N-glycosylation could occur at three asparagine residues of N-cadherin.

Growth of glioblastoma is inhibited by miR-133-mediated EGFR suppression.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a severe and highly lethal brain cancer, which malignancy largely stems from its growing in a relatively restrained area in the brain. Hence, the understanding of the molecular regulation of the growth of GBM is critical for improving its treatment. Dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) has recently been shown to contribute to the development of GBM, whereas the role of miR-133 in GBM is unknown.

Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as an early marker of acute kidney injury in patients with traumatic brain injury.

Background: Recent studies have shown that urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is rapidly up-regulated early after murine renal injury, and in patients after cardiac surgery or patients critically ill with multiple trauma. In this study, we evaluated urinary NGAL levels as a potential biomarker of early acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Methods: All patients with severe TBI admitted to our neurosurgical intensive care unit from March to September 2011 were enrolled prospectively.

Effects of mild hypothermia on patients with lower intracranial pressure following severe brain injury.

Objective: To study the effects of mild hypothermia therapy on severe brain-injured patients whose intracranial pressure (ICP) could be maintained below 25 mm Hg.

Methods: Forty severe brain-injured patients with ICP below 25 mm Hg were divided randomly into one treatment group (n=20, mild hypothermia therapy) and one control group (n=20, normothermia therapy) to observe the changes of the concentration of excitatory amino acids (glutamate and glycine) and cytokines (interleukin-1beta and interleukin-6).

Results: There were no significant differences in the daily changes of the concentration of excitatory amino acid and cytokines between two groups.