Synergy between Fenton reagent and solid waste-based solidifying agents during the solidification/stabilization of lead(II) and arsenic(III) contaminated soils.

Due to the different physicochemical properties of lead (Pb) and arsenic (As), coupled remediation processes of contaminated soils containing Pb and As have always been a technical challenge. In the present study, a novel solidifying agent (BER) was synthesized using alkaline oxygen furnace slag (BOFS), modified electrolytic manganese residue (EMR) and red mud (RM). The solidifying agent was synergistically used with Fenton reagent for solidifying/stabilizing Pb- and As-contaminated soils.

The effector SJP3 interferes with pistil development by sustaining SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE 3 expression in jujube.

Jujube witches' broom (JWB) is a phytoplasma disease that causes severe damage to jujube (Ziziphus jujuba) crops worldwide. Diseased jujube plants show enhanced vegetative growth after floral reversion, including leafy flower structures (phyllody) and the fourth whorl converting into a vegetative shoot. In previous research, secreted JWB protein 3 (SJP3) was identified as an inducer of phyllody.

Divergent Synthesis of 17-nor-Cephalotane Diterpenoids through Developed Ynol-diene Cyclization.

On the basis of a novel ynol-diene cyclization developed as a rapid access to tropone unit, the first divergent strategy to 17-nor-cephalotane diterpenoids has been successfully established. Combining with a bioinspired stereoselective dual hydrogenation, the divergent total synthesis of (+)-3-deoxyfortalpinoid F, (+)-harringtonolide, (-)-fortalpinoids M/N/P, and analog (-)-20-deoxocephinoid P have been achieved in 14-17 linear longest steps starting from commercially available materials.

The 'Candidatus phytoplasma ziziphi' effectors SJP1 and SJP2 destabilise the bifunctional regulator ZjTCP7 to modulate floral transition and shoot branching.

Phytoplasmic SAP11 effectors alter host plant architecture and flowering time. However, the exact mechanisms have yet to be elucidated. Two SAP11-like effectors, SJP1 and SJP2, from 'Candidatus Phytoplasma ziziphi' induce shoot branching proliferation.

The 'Candidatus Phytoplasma ziziphi' effectors SJP1/2 negatively control leaf size by stabilizing the transcription factor ZjTCP2 in jujube.

Phytoplasmas manipulate host plant development to benefit insect vector colonization and their own invasion. However, the virulence factors and mechanisms underlying small-leaf formation caused by jujube witches' broom (JWB) phytoplasmas remain largely unknown. Here, effectors SJP1 and SJP2 from JWB phytoplasmas were identified to induce small-leaf formation in jujube (Ziziphus jujuba).

Jujube witches' broom phytoplasmas inhibit ZjBRC1-mediated abscisic acid metabolism to induce shoot proliferation.

Jujube witches' broom (JWB) phytoplasmas parasitize the sieve tubes of diseased phloem and cause an excessive proliferation of axillary shoots from dormant lateral buds to favour their transmission. In previous research, two JWB effectors, SJP1 and SJP2, were identified to induce lateral bud outgrowth by disrupting ZjBRC1-mediated auxin flux. However, the pathogenesis of JWB disease remains largely unknown.

Effects of Coal Metakaolin on the Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of High-belite Sulphoaluminate Cement.

The effects of coal metakaolin on the mechanical properties of high-belite sulphoaluminate cement under compressive loading were investigated. The composition and microstructure of hydration products at different hydration times were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and scanning electronic microscopy. The hydration process of blended cement was studied via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.

Screening and identification of a novel antidiabetic peptide from collagen hydrolysates of Chinese giant salamander skin: network pharmacology, inhibition kinetics and protection of IR-HepG2 cells.

In this study, a novel peptide GPPGPA was screened from the collagen hydrolysates of Chinese giant salamander () skin, and its anti-diabetes mechanism was predicted by network pharmacology, and an inhibitory effect on α-glycosidase and protective effect on IR (insulin resistance) and oxidative stress of IR-HepG2 cells were detected. Through network pharmacology screening, GPPGPA was found to have good drug-like properties, and 103 targets of GPPGPA overlap with T2DM targets. These targets were mainly enriched in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway associated with T2DM, the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, the TNF signaling pathway, insulin resistance and so on.

Adipokine ZAG Alters Depression-Like Behavior by Regulating Oxidative Stress in Hippocampus.

Zinc-α2-glycoprotein (ZAG) is an adipokine involved in body metabolism, and now it has been shown to be present in the brain and play a role in some neurological diseases such as epilepsy and Alzheimer's disease. In the present study, we employed ZAG knockout (KO) mice to investigate the effects of ZAG on behaviors after fasting and in vitro used overexpression (OV) ZAG in HT-22 cells to further clarify the possibly underlying mechanism. The results showed that ZAG exists widely in the brain tissues of mice and significantly increased during fasting.

Jujube witches' broom phytoplasma effectors SJP1 and SJP2 induce lateral bud outgrowth by repressing the ZjBRC1-controlled auxin efflux channel.

Comprehensively controlling phytoplasma-associated jujube witches' broom (JWB) disease is extremely challenging for the jujube industry. Although the pathogenesis of phytoplasma disease has been highlighted in many plant species, the release of lateral buds from dormancy under JWB phytoplasma infection has not been characterized in woody perennial jujube. Here, two 16SrV-B group phytoplasma effectors, SJP1 and SJP2, were experimentally determined to induce witches' broom with increased lateral branches.

Energy transfer and influencing factors in soil during compaction.

In China, large-area excavation and filling engineering has increased rapidly with the expansion of construction land. The quality of filling engineering is the most important guarantee for the stability of building structures. Among all research on fill soil, the compaction characteristics are significant for indicating the strength and stability of filling engineering.

Migrant adolescents' behavioral problems compared to host adolescents and adolescents in their region of origin: a longitudinal study.

Background: Since the 1990s, families from the ecologically hostile mountainous southern areas of Ningxia Province, China, have been migrating to the northern areas of the province. This study compared the prevalence of behavioral problems among migrant adolescents to those among host adolescents (adolescents from the northern areas) and adolescents in the region of origin (adolescents from the southern areas), to determine whether ecological migration is related to adolescent behavioral problems, and possible changes in such problems over time.

Methods: We used the Children and Adolescents Ecological Migration Survey on Mental Health, administered to 4805 students aged 12-16 years and their parents between 2012 and 2014 (W1), of whom 1753 students and their parents completed the follow-up between 2014 and 2017 (W2).

Zinc-α2-glycoprotein promotes skeletal muscle lipid metabolism in cold-stressed mice.

Skeletal muscle is the most abundant tissue in the adult body and plays an essential role in maintaining heat production for the entire body. Recently, muscle-derived non-shivering thermogenesis under cold conditions has received much attention. Zinc-α2-glycoprotein (ZAG) is an adipokine that was shown to influence energy metabolism in the adipose tissue.

An Electrical Resistivity Method of Characterizing Hydromechanical and Structural Properties of Compacted Loess During Constant Rate of Strain Compression.

Hydromechanical and structural properties of compacted loess have a significant impact on the stability and reliability of subbase and subgrade, which needs to be quickly determined in the field and laboratory. Hence, an electrical resistivity method was used to characterize the hydromechanical and structural properties of compacted loess during constant rate of strain compression. In the present work, compacted loess samples with a dry density of 1.

Identification, expression and miRNA targeting of auxin response factor genes related to phyllody in the witches' broom disease of jujube.

Jujube witches' broom (JWB) disease, associated with the presence of phytoplasmas, induces huge crop losses in the woody perennial fruit tree Ziziphus jujuba. An imbalance in the phytohormone auxin is thought to be a key factor in the development of the witches' broom symptoms, and in the alteration of floral development into leafy structures, termed phyllody. The Auxin Response Factor (ARF) gene family controls auxin-responsive gene expression during plant growth and development.

Expression of stilbene synthase VqSTS6 from wild Chinese Vitis quinquangularis in grapevine enhances resveratrol production and powdery mildew resistance.

In grape (Vitis), stilbene phytoalexins can either be in situ synthesized or transported to the site of response during powdery mildew infection, enhancing disease resistance. Resveratrol is a phytoprotective stilbenoid compound that is synthesized by stilbene synthase (STS) in response to biotic and abiotic stresses, and is also known to have health benefits in the human diet. We have previously shown that transgenic Vitis vinifera cv.

VpSTS29/STS2 enhances fungal tolerance in grapevine through a positive feedback loop.

Accumulation of stilbene phytoalexins stimulates resistance mechanisms against the grapevine fungus Uncinula necator. However, the defensive mechanisms triggered by stilbene synthase (STS) genes, remain largely unknown. Here, we report the function and molecular mechanism of the stilbene synthase gene VpSTS29/STS2 from Vitis pseudoreticulata in the regulation of plant responses to powdery mildew.

Effect of norepinephrine treatment on Haemonchus contortus and its excretory products.

Haemonchus contortus is a highly pathogenic gastrointestinal nematode of small ruminant animals. In modern intensive farming, livestock often suffer from different types of stress. However, whether host stress hormones influence H.

Dynamic translocation of stilbene synthase VpSTS29 from a Chinese wild Vitis species upon UV irradiation.

Stilbene phytoalexins derived from grapevine can be rapidly accumulated when exposed to an artificial UV-C treatment. However, the underlying mechanisms involved in this accumulation and translocation are unclear. Here, we describe an investigation of the influence of UV-C treatment on the dynamic subcellular distribution of a member of a stilbene synthase family VpSTS29 derived from Chinese wild Vitis pseudoreticulata W.

Synthesis and biological activities of dithiocarbamates containing 2(5H)-furanone-piperazine.

A series of new dithiocarbamates containing a 2(5H)-furanone-piperazine group was synthesized. These compounds show good in vitro cytoxic activity. Among them, compound 6c exhibits the best inhibitory activity against HeLa cell lines with an IC of 0.

Ectopic expression of VpSTS29, a stilbene synthase gene from Vitis pseudoreticulata, indicates STS presence in cytosolic oil bodies.

Stilbene synthase (STS) and its metabolic products are accumulated in senescing grapevine leaves. Ectopic expression of VpSTS29 in Arabidopsis shows the presence of VpSTS29 in oil bodies and increases trans-piceid in developing leaves. Stilbenes are the natural antimicrobial phytoalexins that are synthesised via the phenylpropanoid pathway.

Resveratrol accumulation and its involvement in stilbene synthetic pathway of Chinese wild grapes during berry development using quantitative proteome analysis.

Attention has become focused on resveratrol not only because of its role in grapevine fungal resistance but also because of its benefits in human health. This report describes the Chinese wild grapevine Vitis quinquangularis accession Danfeng-2 in relation to the high resveratrol content of its ripe berries. In this study, we used isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) tandem mass spectrometry strategy to quantify and identify proteome changes, resulting in the detection of a total of 3,751 proteins produced under natural conditions.

Overexpression of VpEIFP1, a novel F-box/Kelch-repeat protein from wild Chinese Vitis pseudoreticulata, confers higher tolerance to powdery mildew by inducing thioredoxin z proteolysis.

An F-box protein (VpEIFP1) induced by Erysiphe necator was isolated from Vitis pseudoreticulata, a wild Chinese grapevine species naturally resistant to powdery mildew (PM). It contains an F-box domain and two Kelch-repeat motifs. Expression profiles indicate the VpEIFP1 is strongly induced at both transcriptional and translational levels by PM infection.