Effect of Liver Transplant on Neurologic Manifestations and Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Wilson Disease.

Objectives: Wilson disease is an autosomal recessive disorder of copper metabolism. It leads to copper accumulation in various organs (liver, eye, brain) and deteriorates their functions. Symptoms usually appear in the second and third decades of life.

Can unenhanced brain magnetic resonance imaging be used in routine follow up of meningiomas to avoid gadolinium deposition in brain?

Purpose: We hypothesized that unenhanced brain MRI can be used in follow up of patients with intracranial meningioma to avoid gadolinium deposition in the brain and allow measurement of meningioma dimensions from pre-contrast T2-weighted images.

Methods: Dimensions of meningiomas were measured on pre-contrast T2, post-contrast T1 weighted images.

Results: The sizes of meningiomas in post-contrast axial T1-weighted images were similar with that in pre-contrast axial T2-weighted images.

Does renal function affect gadolinium deposition in the brain?

Objective: Was to compare T1 signal intensity ratios of dentate nucleus to cerebellar white matter (DN/cerebellum), dentate nucleus to pons (DN/pons) and globus pallidus to thalamus (GP/thalamus) in patients with normal renal function and in patients on chronic hemodialysis. To find out if renal function affects the deposition of gadolinium in brain after administration of linear gadolinium based contrast agents (GBCA).

Methods: Seventy eight contrast enhanced brain MRIs (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) with linear GBCA of 13 patients on chronic hemodialysis and 13 patients with normal renal function retrospectively evaluated.

Magnetic resonance tagging for diagnosis of focal hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in a child.

Magnetic resonance imaging has become an important diagnostic tool in the differential diagnosis of lesions for evaluation of cardiovascular disorders. In magnetic resonance tagging (MRt), tissue elements are magnetically labeled so that their positions can be tracked as a function of time. Thus, MRt evaluates heart wall motion both qualitatively and quantitatively.

Recurrent childhood PRES.

The purpose of the study was to review the recurrent posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) and emphasize the possibility of repeated attacks on the basis of particular clinical situations. 32 children, diagnosed with PRES were included in our study. The recurrent cases were determined; their radiological features such as involved localizations and clinical information such as presenting symptoms, underlying diseases and clinical prognosis are retrospectively assessed.

Epidural venous plexus engorgement: what lies beneath?

Epidural venous plexus engorgement may occur due to several conditions that prevent the normal venous circulation. Inferior vena cava agenesis is a very rare cause of epidural venous enlargement. We present a case with a very thin inferior vena cava and left iliac vein agenesis who presented with back pain due to epidural vein engorgement and lacked other venous problems such as deep vein thrombosis.

Diagnosis of early sacroiliitis in seronegative spondyloarthropathies by DWI and correlation of clinical and laboratory findings with ADC values.

Purpose: Sacroiliitis is one of the diagnostic criteria of seronegative SpA. The purpose of our study is to show the signal characteristics of the sacral and iliac surfaces by DWI which may contribute in early diagnosis of sacroiliitis and investigate the correlation between ADC values and clinical and laboratory parameters.

Materials And Methods: 62 patients with inflammatory low back pain, with a history or suspect of seronegative SpA are enrolled into the study.

Unilateral superior ophthalmic vein thrombosis in a neonate.

A 10-month-old boy was referred for drooping and intermittent swelling in his right upper eyelid. Careful evaluation of his MRI findings along with the clinical presentation established the diagnosis of superior ophthalmic vein (SOV) thrombosis. History, old photographs, and imaging studies showed that the symptoms and signs were already present possibly since birth; however, further workup failed to reveal an underlying hematologic disorder or a congenital causative pathology.

Embolic infarct presented with bilateral thalamic lesions possibly initiated by an emboli to the artery of Percheron.

Bilateral thalamic infarcts are rare and present with varying symptoms. Cardioembolism and small artery disease are the most common etiologic factors. The occlusion of a rare arterial variant called the artery of Percheron results in bilateral thalamic infarcts.

The magnetic resonance spectroscopy findings of extrapontine myelinolysis in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

The magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy findings of extrapontine myelinolysis have been rarely reported. Herein, we present MR spectroscopy findings as well as the conventional MR and diffusion MR findings of an acute lymphoblastic leukemia patient with extrapontine myelinolysis. Advanced MR imaging including diffusion-weighted imaging and MR spectroscopy may be helpful to exclude other pathologies in the differential diagnosis and make the diagnosis when there is a diagnostic difficulty on cases clinically suspicious for extrapontine myelinolysis.

MRI of recurrent isolated cerebral Whipple's disease.

Whipple's disease is a rare systemic bacterial infection, characterized predominantly by gastrointestinal symptoms. Neurological symptoms are frequent in the course of the disease; however, a purely neurological presentation is uncommon. Diagnosis is confirmed with biopsy and polymerase chain reaction studies.

Sinonasal schwannoma of the middle turbinate.

Paranasal schwannomas are uncommon lesions, representing less than 4% of all head and neck schwannomas. They give rise to nonspecific symptoms such as nasal obstruction, epistaxis, and anosmia. Imaging features are generally nonspecific.

MDCT of biliary cysts in children with biliary atresia: clinical associations and pathologic correlations.

Purpose: To evaluate the association of biliary cyst formation with cholangitis, portoenterostomy, biochemical abnormalities, using multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and pathologic findings of end-stage liver disease.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the 42 MCDT studies, clinical history and laboratory findings of 36 children with biliary atresia.

Results: Biliary cysts were detected in 58% of the patients on MDCT images.

Medulla oblongata tuberculoma mimicking metastasis presenting with stroke-like symptoms.

Tuberculomas are common forms of central nervous system tuberculosis, presenting as space-occupying-lesions. Brainstem tuberculomas are rare among all intracranial tuberculomas. In old patients, in the absence of tuberculosis history, diagnosis may be challenging.

Outfracture of the Inferior Turbinate: A Computed Tomography Study.

BACKGROUND: Various surgical treatment modalities are available for inferior turbinate (IT) hypertrophy. Each is related with well-established complications, but still there is a lack of consensus on the optimal technique. Outfracture of the IT is thought to be a minimal destructive procedure among all other reductive turbinate interventions.

Hippocampal abnormalities associated with various congenital malformations.

Objective: Our objective in this retrospective study was to assess the hippocampal abnormalities, associate them with various congenital brain malformations, and define the frequency of the association in specific anomaly subgroups.

Methods: A total of 62 patients with congenital malformations of the brain who had thin-slice coronal T2-weighted, fluid attenuated inversion recovery, IR, or T1-weighted 3D gradient echo images were retrospectively evaluated for the type of congenital brain malformation and morphological or rotational hippocampal abnormalities. Medical records were reviewed for age, sex, and symptoms.

Evaluation of neurological complications in pediatric liver transplant recipients: MRI versus CT.

With the aim of guiding choice of the best imaging modality for specific clinical conditions, we retrospectively evaluated neuroradiological findings in pediatric liver transplant recipients with neurological complications. Computed tomography (CT) was used to examine 31 patients with acute neurological symptoms after liver transplantation, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used for 35 such patients. A total of 16 patients belonged to both groups.

MRI features of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in 33 patients.

Background And Purpose: We report the clinical and radiological features of posterior reversible encephalopathy and compare our findings to the literature.

Methods: The brain magnetic resonance imaging and clinical records of 33 patients were retrospectively evaluated. Twenty-four patients had follow-up imaging, which confirmed the reversibility of the lesions; 9 patients were clinically followed and recovered.

Unusual association of tethered cord, filum terminale lipoma, and myxopapillary ependymoma.

Study Design: Case report.

Objective: We report a 67-year old man with a known filum terminale lipoma causing a tethered cord extending to the subcutaneous fat tissue and a newly diagnosed concomitant ependymoma, revealed on lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Summary Of Background Data: The coexistence of filum terminale lipoma and ependymoma is very rare.

MRI findings in parosteal osteosarcoma: correlation with histopathology.

Purpose: To assess the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), particularly signal intensity changes, in predicting the dedifferentiation of parosteal osteosarcoma, and to evaluate other factors that may affect grading on MRI.

Materials And Methods: MRI of 12 patients with parosteal osteosarcoma diagnosed on plain radiography were reviewed with regard to size, location, extent, soft tissue component, intramedullary invasion, and signal characteristics. The findings are correlated with histopathologic results.